Tag Archives: AI

Introducing Moltworker: a self-hosted personal AI agent, minus the minis

Post Syndicated from Celso Martinho original https://blog.cloudflare.com/moltworker-self-hosted-ai-agent/

The Internet woke up this week to a flood of people buying Mac minis to run Moltbot (formerly Clawdbot), an open-source, self-hosted AI agent designed to act as a personal assistant. Moltbot runs in the background on a user’s own hardware, has a sizable and growing list of integrations for chat applications, AI models, and other popular tools, and can be controlled remotely. Moltbot can help you with your finances, social media, organize your day — all through your favorite messaging app.

But what if you don’t want to buy new dedicated hardware? And what if you could still run your Moltbot efficiently and securely online? Meet Moltworker, a middleware Worker and adapted scripts that allows running Moltbot on Cloudflare’s Sandbox SDK and our Developer Platform APIs.

A personal assistant on Cloudflare — how does that work? 

Firstly, Cloudflare Workers has never been so compatible with Node.js. Where in the past we had to mock APIs to get some packages running, now those APIs are supported natively by the Workers Runtime.

This has changed how we can build tools on Cloudflare Workers. When we first implemented Playwright, a popular framework for web testing and automation that runs on Browser Rendering, we had to rely on memfs. This was bad because not only is memfs a hack and an external dependency, but it also forced us to drift away from the official Playwright codebase. Thankfully, with more Node.js compatibility, we were able to start using node:fs natively, reducing complexity and maintainability, which makes upgrades to the latest versions of Playwright easy to do.

The list of Node.js APIs we support natively keeps growing. The blog post “A year of improving Node.js compatibility in Cloudflare Workers” provides an overview of where we are and what we’re doing.

We measure this progress, too. We recently ran an experiment where we took the 1,000 most popular NPM packages, installed and let AI loose, to try to run them in Cloudflare Workers, Ralph Wiggum as a “software engineer” style, and the results were surprisingly good. Excluding the packages that are build tools, CLI tools or browser-only and don’t apply, only 15 packages genuinely didn’t work. That’s 1.5%.

Here’s a graphic of our Node.js API support over time:


We put together a page with the results of our internal experiment on npm packages support here, so you can check for yourself.

Moltbot doesn’t necessarily require a lot of Workers Node.js compatibility because most of the code runs in a container anyway, but we thought it would be important to highlight how far we got supporting so many packages using native APIs. This is because when starting a new AI agent application from scratch, we can actually run a lot of the logic in Workers, closer to the user.

The other important part of the story is that the list of products and APIs on our Developer Platform has grown to the point where anyone can build and run any kind of application — even the most complex and demanding ones — on Cloudflare. And once launched, every application running on our Developer Platform immediately benefits from our secure and scalable global network.

Those products and services gave us the ingredients we needed to get started. First, we now have Sandboxes, where you can run untrusted code securely in isolated environments, providing a place to run the service. Next, we now have Browser Rendering, where you can programmatically control and interact with headless browser instances. And finally, R2, where you can store objects persistently. With those building blocks available, we could begin work on adapting Moltbot.

How we adapted Moltbot to run on us

Moltbot on Workers, or Moltworker, is a combination of an entrypoint Worker that acts as an API router and a proxy between our APIs and the isolated environment, both protected by Cloudflare Access. It also provides an administration UI and connects to the Sandbox container where the standard Moltbot Gateway runtime and its integrations are running, using R2 for persistent storage.


High-level architecture diagram of Moltworker.

Let’s dive in more.

AI Gateway

Cloudflare AI Gateway acts as a proxy between your AI applications and any popular AI provider, and gives our customers centralized visibility and control over the requests going through.

Recently we announced support for Bring Your Own Key (BYOK), where instead of passing your provider secrets in plain text with every request, we centrally manage the secrets for you and can use them with your gateway configuration.

An even better option where you don’t have to manage AI providers’ secrets at all end-to-end is to use Unified Billing. In this case you top up your account with credits and use AI Gateway with any of the supported providers directly, Cloudflare gets charged, and we will deduct credits from your account.

To make Moltbot use AI Gateway, first we create a new gateway instance, then we enable the Anthropic provider for it, then we either add our Claude key or purchase credits to use Unified Billing, and then all we need to do is set the ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL environment variable so Moltbot uses the AI Gateway endpoint. That’s it, no code changes necessary.


Once Moltbot starts using AI Gateway, you’ll have full visibility on costs and have access to logs and analytics that will help you understand how your AI agent is using the AI providers.


Note that Anthropic is one option; Moltbot supports other AI providers and so does AI Gateway. The advantage of using AI Gateway is that if a better model comes along from any provider, you don’t have to swap keys in your AI Agent configuration and redeploy — you can simply switch the model in your gateway configuration. And more, you specify model or provider fallbacks to handle request failures and ensure reliability.

Sandboxes

Last year we anticipated the growing need for AI agents to run untrusted code securely in isolated environments, and we announced the Sandbox SDK. This SDK is built on top of Cloudflare Containers, but it provides a simple API for executing commands, managing files, running background processes, and exposing services — all from your Workers applications.

In short, instead of having to deal with the lower-level Container APIs, the Sandbox SDK gives you developer-friendly APIs for secure code execution and handles the complexity of container lifecycle, networking, file systems, and process management — letting you focus on building your application logic with just a few lines of TypeScript. Here’s an example:

import { getSandbox } from '@cloudflare/sandbox';
export { Sandbox } from '@cloudflare/sandbox';

export default {
  async fetch(request: Request, env: Env): Promise<Response> {
    const sandbox = getSandbox(env.Sandbox, 'user-123');

    // Create a project structure
    await sandbox.mkdir('/workspace/project/src', { recursive: true });

    // Check node version
    const version = await sandbox.exec('node -v');

    // Run some python code
    const ctx = await sandbox.createCodeContext({ language: 'python' });
    await sandbox.runCode('import math; radius = 5', { context: ctx });
    const result = await sandbox.runCode('math.pi * radius ** 2', { context: ctx });

    return Response.json({ version, result });
  }
};

This fits like a glove for Moltbot. Instead of running Docker in your local Mac mini, we run Docker on Containers, use the Sandbox SDK to issue commands into the isolated environment and use callbacks to our entrypoint Worker, effectively establishing a two-way communication channel between the two systems.

R2 for persistent storage

The good thing about running things in your local computer or VPS is you get persistent storage for free. Containers, however, are inherently ephemeral, meaning data generated within them is lost upon deletion. Fear not, though — the Sandbox SDK provides the sandbox.mountBucket() that you can use to automatically, well, mount your R2 bucket as a filesystem partition when the container starts.

Once we have a local directory that is guaranteed to survive the container lifecycle, we can use that for Moltbot to store session memory files, conversations and other assets that are required to persist.

Browser Rendering for browser automation

AI agents rely heavily on browsing the sometimes not-so-structured web. Moltbot utilizes dedicated Chromium instances to perform actions, navigate the web, fill out forms, take snapshots, and handle tasks that require a web browser. Sure, we can run Chromium on Sandboxes too, but what if we could simplify and use an API instead?

With Cloudflare’s Browser Rendering, you can programmatically control and interact with headless browser instances running at scale in our edge network. We support Puppeteer, Stagehand, Playwright and other popular packages so that developers can onboard with minimal code changes. We even support MCP for AI.

In order to get Browser Rendering to work with Moltbot we do two things:

  • First we create a thin CDP proxy (CDP is the protocol that allows instrumenting Chromium-based browsers) from the Sandbox container to the Moltbot Worker, back to Browser Rendering using the Puppeteer APIs.

  • Then we inject a Browser Rendering skill into the runtime when the Sandbox starts.


From the Moltbot runtime perspective, it has a local CDP port it can connect to and perform browser tasks.

Zero Trust Access for authentication policies

Next up we want to protect our APIs and Admin UI from unauthorized access. Doing authentication from scratch is hard, and is typically the kind of wheel you don’t want to reinvent or have to deal with. Zero Trust Access makes it incredibly easy to protect your application by defining specific policies and login methods for the endpoints. 


Zero Trust Access Login methods configuration for the Moltworker application.

Once the endpoints are protected, Cloudflare will handle authentication for you and automatically include a JWT token with every request to your origin endpoints. You can then validate that JWT for extra protection, to ensure that the request came from Access and not a malicious third party.

Like with AI Gateway, once all your APIs are behind Access you get great observability on who the users are and what they are doing with your Moltbot instance.


Moltworker in action

Demo time. We’ve put up a Slack instance where we could play with our own instance of Moltbot on Workers. Here are some of the fun things we’ve done with it.

We hate bad news.


Here’s a chat session where we ask Moltbot to find the shortest route between Cloudflare in London and Cloudflare in Lisbon using Google Maps and take a screenshot in a Slack channel. It goes through a sequence of steps using Browser Rendering to navigate Google Maps and does a pretty good job at it. Also look at Moltbot’s memory in action when we ask him the second time.


We’re in the mood for some Asian food today, let’s get Moltbot to work for help.


We eat with our eyes too.


Let’s get more creative and ask Moltbot to create a video where it browses our developer documentation. As you can see, it downloads and runs ffmpeg to generate the video out of the frames it captured in the browser.

Run your own Moltworker

We open-sourced our implementation and made it available at https://github.com/cloudflare/moltworker so you can deploy and run your own Moltbot on top of Workers today.

The README guides you through the necessary steps to set up everything. You will need a Cloudflare account and a minimum $5 USD Workers paid plan subscription to use Sandbox Containers, but all the other products are either free to use, like AI Gateway, or have generous free tiers you can use to get you started and run for as long as you want under reasonable limits.

Note that Moltworker is a proof of concept, not a Cloudflare product. Our goal is to showcase some of the most exciting features of our Developer Platform that can be used to run AI agents and unsupervised code efficiently and securely, and get great observability while taking advantage of our global network.

Feel free to contribute to or fork our GitHub repository; we will keep an eye on it for a while for support. We are also considering contributing upstream to the official project with Cloudflare skills in parallel.

Conclusion

We hope you enjoyed this experiment, and we were able to convince you that Cloudflare is the perfect place to run your AI applications and agents. We’ve been working relentlessly trying to anticipate the future and release features like the Agents SDK that you can use to build your first agent in minutes, Sandboxes where you can run arbitrary code in an isolated environment without the complications of the lifecycle of a container, and AI Search, Cloudflare’s managed vector-based search service, to name a few.

Cloudflare now offers a complete toolkit for AI development: inference, storage APIs, databases, durable execution for stateful workflows, and built-in AI capabilities. Together, these building blocks make it possible to build and run even the most demanding AI applications on our global edge network.

If you’re excited about AI and want to help us build the next generation of products and APIs, we’re hiring.

Cursor at Grab: Adoption and impact

Post Syndicated from Grab Tech original https://engineering.grab.com/cursor-at-grab-adoption-and-impact

Adoption overview

The illustration below encapsulates how Cursor is scaled across Grab, achieving rapid and widespread adoption that accelerated software development and empowered non-technical teams to build solutions.

Figure 1: Adoption overview of AI tool Cursor in Grab.

Multi-tool strategy

Grab embraces a multi-tool strategy for AI coding assistants. Rather than committing to a single solution, we experiment with multiple tools simultaneously, allowing us to compare outcomes and adopt what works. This approach keeps us flexible in a space that evolves quickly. We covered this philosophy in a previous post.

Growth

We introduced Cursor in late 2024 as one of several tools in our AI engineering toolkit. Adoption grew quickly—98% of tech Grabbers became monthly active users, and about 75% use it weekly. For comparison, Google’s 2025 State of AI-Assisted Software Development report highlights that even among high-performing teams, AI coding tool adoption seldom surpasses 70%. Notably, Cursor’s appeal extended beyond engineering, with non-technical teams incorporating it into their workflows.

A standout metric is Cursor’s suggestion acceptance rate, which is around 50%, surpassing the industry average of 30%. This indicates two key insights: first, the suggestions are sufficiently relevant for engineers to accept them half of the time; second, engineers maintain a critical review process rather than accepting suggestions indiscriminately. We attribute this relevance to continuous feedback loops and environment-specific tuning, ensuring suggestions remain aligned with Grab’s codebase and conventions.

Extent of adoption

Raw adoption figures don’t provide the complete picture. We aimed to determine whether engineers were truly incorporating Cursor into their daily workflows or merely experimenting with it sporadically.

The data indicates genuine integration. Approximately half of Cursor users engage with it 10 or more days each month, with some teams achieving full adoption. Over 98% of merge requests now incorporate Cursor in some capacity. Engineers actively share tips and workflows via a dedicated Slack channel, fostering an organic knowledge base.

Across various teams, we’ve observed significant transitions from light usage to moderate and power user levels over the past six months.

Engineer utilization patterns

The most common patterns we see are unit test generation, code refactoring, cross-repository navigation, bug fixing, and automation of routine tasks like API scaffolding or commit messages.

Test generation is particularly popular. Writing tests manually is tedious, and Cursor’s ability to generate and iteratively refine tests has become a standard part of many engineers’ workflows. Cross-repository navigation helps with onboarding and context-switching—engineers can ask Cursor questions about unfamiliar codebases rather than hunting through documentation.

Qualitative feedback confirms what the adoption numbers suggest: tasks that took a full day to complete now take hours. Engineers report tackling refactors and test additions they would have otherwise skipped due to time pressure. Cursor doesn’t just speed up existing work; it makes previously impractical work feasible.

Integration with Grab’s stack

Integrating Cursor effectively at Grab required custom tooling. We built solutions for monorepo indexing to handle Grab’s scale and to distribute preconfigured rules that align Cursor’s suggestions with Grab-specific coding conventions. This integration ensures that Cursor understands our environment rather than offering generic suggestions.

What’s next

Cursor is one tool in a broader toolkit. Our multi-tool strategy means we’re also investing in terminal-based workflows and GrabGPT for internal knowledge retrieval. Different tools suit different workflows. The aim is to empower users, not to restrict them.

Beyond engineering, we’re expanding AI-assisted development to new personas. Our AI Upskilling workshops have trained several hundred Grabbers across five countries, including executive committee members and senior leaders who have built and deployed their own apps. Non-engineers in Financial Planning and Analysis (FP&A), Operations, and regional teams are now building tools with the assitance of AI to solve their own pain points.

Our product design team has launched an initiative empowering designers to directly implement production fixes. Designers have successfully merged hundreds of merge requests, often with same-day turnaround, facilitating quicker iterations on UI fixes without the engineering queue delay. This process requires designers to be trained in Git fundamentals prior to gaining access, with initial reviews conducted by design managers.

Cursor has become part of daily work at Grab. But adoption is only half the question — the other half is impact. We’ve been running a parallel effort to measure productivity effects rigorously, using fixed-effects regression to isolate Cursor’s contribution from other factors. Early findings show a dose-response relationship: productivity gains scale with usage intensity, and the effects hold up to statistical scrutiny.

We will address the measurement methodology and present our findings in a subsequent post.

Join us

Grab is a leading superapp in Southeast Asia, operating across the deliveries, mobility and digital financial services sectors. Serving over 800 cities in eight Southeast Asian countries, Grab enables millions of people everyday to order food or groceries, send packages, hail a ride or taxi, pay for online purchases or access services such as lending and insurance, all through a single app. Grab was founded in 2012 with the mission to drive Southeast Asia forward by creating economic empowerment for everyone. Grab strives to serve a triple bottom line – we aim to simultaneously deliver financial performance for our shareholders and have a positive social impact, which includes economic empowerment for millions of people in the region, while mitigating our environmental footprint.

Powered by technology and driven by heart, our mission is to drive Southeast Asia forward by creating economic empowerment for everyone. If this mission speaks to you, join our team today!

ASRock Rack 4UXGM-GNR2 CX8 Review Featuring a New NVIDIA PCIe Architecture

Post Syndicated from Patrick Kennedy original https://www.servethehome.com/asrock-rack-4uxgm-gnr2-cx8-review-featuring-a-new-nvidia-pcie-architecture/

In our ASRock Rack 4UXGM-GNR2 CX8 review, we see what one of the coolest new AI servers offers with high-end NVIDIA ConnectX-8 networking

The post ASRock Rack 4UXGM-GNR2 CX8 Review Featuring a New NVIDIA PCIe Architecture appeared first on ServeTheHome.

The AI Evolution of Graph Search at Netflix

Post Syndicated from Netflix Technology Blog original https://netflixtechblog.com/the-ai-evolution-of-graph-search-at-netflix-d416ec5b1151

The AI Evolution of Graph Search at Netflix: From Structured Queries to Natural Language

By Alex Hutter and Bartosz Balukiewicz

Our previous blog posts (part 1, part 2, part 3) detailed how Netflix’s Graph Search platform addresses the challenges of searching across federated data sets within Netflix’s enterprise ecosystem. Although highly scalable and easy to configure, it still relies on a structured query language for input. Natural language based search has been possible for some time, but the level of effort required was high. The emergence of readily-available AI, specifically Large Language Models (LLMs), has created new opportunities to integrate AI search features, with a smaller investment and improved accuracy.

While Text-to-Query and Text-to-SQL are established problems, the complexity of distributed Graph Search data in the GraphQL ecosystem necessitates innovative solutions. This is the first in a three-part series where we will detail our journey: how we implemented these solutions, evaluated their performance, and ultimately evolved them into a self-managed platform.

The Need for Intuitive Search: Addressing Business and Product Demands

Natural language search is the ability to use everyday language to retrieve information as opposed to complex, structured query languages like the Graph Search Filter Domain Specific Language (DSL). When users interact with 100’s of various UIs within the suite of Content and Business Products applications, a frequent task is filtering a data table like the one below:

Example Content and Business Products application view

Ideally, a user simply wants to satisfy a query like “I want to see all movies from the 90s about robots from the US.” Because the underlying platform operates on the Graph Search Filter DSL, the application acts as an intermediary. Users input their requirements through UI elements — toggling facets or using query builders — and the system programmatically converts these interactions into a valid DSL query to filter the data.

The Complexity of filtering and DSL generation

This process presents a few issues.

Today, many applications have bespoke components for collecting user input — the experience varies across them and they have inconsistent support for the DSL. Users need to “learn” how to use each application to achieve their goals.

Additionally, some domains have hundreds of fields in an index that could be faceted or filtered by. A subject matter expert (SME) may know exactly what they want to accomplish, but be bottlenecked by the inefficient pace of filling out a large scale UI form and translating their questions in order to encode it in a representation Graph Search needs.

Most importantly, users think and operate using natural language, not technical constructs like query builders, components, or DSLs. By requiring them to switch contexts, we introduce friction that slows them down or even prevents their progress.

With readily-available AI components, our users can now interact with our systems through natural language. The challenge now is to make sure our offering, searching Netflix’s complex enterprise state with natural language, is an intuitive and trustworthy experience.

Natural language queries translated into Graph Search Filter DSL

We’ve made a decision to pursue generating Graph Search Filter statements from natural language to meet this need. Our intention is to augment and not replace existing applications with retrieval augmented generation (RAG), providing tooling and capabilities so that applications in our ecosystem have newly accessible means of processing and presenting their data in their distinct domain flavours. It should be noted that all the work here has direct application to building a RAG system on top of Graph Search in the future.

Under the Hood: Our Approach to Text-to-Query

The core function of the text-to-query process is converting a user’s (often ambiguous) natural language question into a structured query. We primarily achieve this through the use of an LLM.

Before we dive deeper, let’s quickly revisit the structure of Graph Search Filter DSL. Each Graph Search index is defined by a GraphQL query, made up of a collection of fields. Each field has a type e.g. boolean, string, and some have their permitted values governed by controlled vocabularies — a standardized and governed list of values (like an enumeration, or a foreign key). The names of those fields can be used to construct expressions using comparison (e.g. > or ==) or inclusion/exclusion operators (e.g. IN). In turn those expressions can be combined using logical operators (e.g. AND) to construct complex statements.

Graph Search Filter DSL

With that understanding, we can now more rigorously define the conversion process. We need the LLM to generate a Graph Search Filter DSL statement that is syntactically, semantically, and pragmatically correct.

Syntactic correctness is easy — does it parse? To be syntactically correct, the generated statement must be well formed i.e. follow the grammar of the Graph Search Filter DSL.

Semantic correctness adds some additional complexity as it requires more knowledge of the index itself. To be semantically correct:

  • it must respect the field types i.e. only use comparisons that make sense given the underlying type;
  • it must only use fields that are actually present in the index, i.e. does not hallucinate;
  • when the values of a field are constrained to a controlled vocabulary, any comparison must only use values from that controlled vocabulary.

Pragmatic correctness is much more difficult. It asks the question: does the generated filter actually capture the intent of the user’s query?

The following sections will detail how we pre-process the user’s question to create appropriate context for the instructions that we will provide to the LLM — both of which are fundamental to LLM interaction — as well as post-processing we perform on the generated statement to validate it, and help users understand and trust the results they receive.

At a high level that process looks like this:

Graph Search FIlter DSL generation process

Context Engineering

Preparation for the filter generation task is predominantly engineering the appropriate context. The LLM will need access to the fields of an index and their metadata in order to construct semantically correct filters. As the indices are defined by GraphQL queries, we can use the type information from the GraphQL schema to derive much of the required information. For some fields, there is additional information we can provide beyond what’s available in the schema as well, in particular permissible values that pull from controlled vocabularies.

Each field in the index is associated with metadata as seen below, and that metadata is provided as part of the context.

Graph Search index representation
  • The field is derived from the document path as characterized by the GraphQL query.
  • The description is the comment from the GraphQL schema for the field.
  • The type is derived from the GraphQL schema for the field e.g. Boolean, String, enum. We also support an additional controlled vocabulary type we will discuss more of shortly.
  • The valid values are derived from enum values for the enum type or from a controlled vocabulary as we will now discuss.

A controlled vocabulary is a specific field type that consists of a finite set of allowed values, which are defined by a SMEs or domain owners. Index fields can be associated with a particular controlled vocabulary, e.g. countries with members such as Spain and Thailand, and any usage of that field within a generated statement must refer to values from that vocabulary.

Naively providing all the metadata as context to the LLM worked for simple cases but did not scale. Some indices have hundreds of fields and some controlled vocabularies have thousands of valid values. Providing all of those, especially the controlled vocabulary values and their accompanying metadata, expands the context; this proportionally increases latency and decreases the correctness of generated filter statements. Not providing the values wasn’t an option as we needed to ground the LLMs generated statements- without them, the LLM would frequently hallucinate values that did not exist.

Curating the context to an appropriate subset was a problem we addressed using the well known RAG pattern.

Field RAG

As mentioned previously, some indices have hundreds of fields, however, most user’s questions typically refer only to a handful of them. If there was no cost in including them all, we would, but as mentioned prior, there is a cost in terms of the latency of query generation as well as the correctness of the generated query (e.g. needle-in-the-hackstack problem) and non-deterministic results.

To determine which subset of fields to include in the context, we “match” them against the intent of the user’s question.

  • Embeddings are created for index fields and their metadata (name, description, type) and are indexed in a vector store
  • At filter generation time, the user’s question is chunked with an overlapping strategy. For each chunk, we perform a vector search to identify the top K most relevant values and the fields to which they belong.
  • Deduplication: The top K fields from each chunk are both consolidated and deduplicated before being provided as context to the system instructions.
Field RAG process (chunking, merge, deduplicate)

Controlled Vocabularies RAG

Index fields of the controlled vocabulary type are associated with a particular controlled vocabulary, again, countries are one example. Given a user’s question, we can infer whether or not it refers to values of a particular controlled vocabulary. In turn, by knowing which controlled vocabulary values are present, we can identify additional, related index fields that should be included in the context that may not have been identified by the field RAG step.

Each controlled vocabulary value has:

  • a unique identifier within its type;
  • a human readable display name;
  • a description of the value;
  • also-known-as values or AKA display names, e.g. “romcom” for “Romantic Comedy”.

To determine which subset of values to include in the context for controlled vocabulary fields (and also possibly infer additional fields), we “match” them against the user’s question.

  • Embeddings are created for controlled vocabulary values and their metadata, and these are indexed in a vector store. The controlled vocabularies are available via GraphQL and are regularly fetched and reindexed so this system stays up to date with any changes in the domain.
  • At filter generation time, the user’s question is chunked. For each chunk, we perform a vector search to identify the top K most relevant values (but only for the controlled vocabularies that are associated with fields in the index)
  • The top K values from each chunk are deduplicated by their controlled vocabulary type. The associated field definition is then injected into the context along with the matched values.
Controlled Vocabularies RAG

Combining both approaches, the RAG of fields and controlled vocabularies, we end up with the solution that each input question resolves in available and matched fields and values:

Field and CV RAG

The quality of results generated by the RAG tool can be significantly enhanced by tuning its various parameters, or “levers.” These include strategies for reranking, chunking, and the selection of different embedding generation models. The careful and systematic evaluation of these factors will be the focus of the subsequent parts of this series.

The Instructions

Once the context is constructed, it is provided to the LLM with a set of instructions and the user’s question. The instructions can be summarised as follows: Given a natural language question, generate a syntactically, semantically, and pragmatically correct filter statement given the availability of the following index fields and their metadata.”

  • In order to generate a syntactically correct filter statement, the instructions include the syntax rules of the DSL.
  • In order to generate a semantically correct filter statement, the instructions tell the LLM to ground the generated statement in the provided context.
  • In order to generate a pragmatically correct filter statement, so far we focus on better context engineering to ensure that only the most relevant fields and values are provided. We haven’t identified any instructions that make the LLM just “do better” at this aspect of the task.
Graph Search Filter DSL generation

After the filter statement is generated by the LLM, we deterministically validate it prior to returning the values to the user.

Validation

Syntactic Correctness

Syntactic correctness ensures the LLM output is a parsable filter statement. We utilize an Abstract Syntax Tree (AST) parser built for our custom DSL. If the generated string fails to parse into a valid AST, we know immediately that the query is malformed and there is a fundamental issue with the generation.

The other approach to solve this problem could be using the structured outputs modes provided by some LLMs. However, our initial evaluation yielded mixed results, as the custom DSL is not natively supported and requires further work.

Semantic Correctness

Despite careful context engineering using the RAG pattern, the LLM sometimes hallucinates both fields and available values in the generated filter statement. The most straightforward way of preventing this phenomenon is validating the generated filters against available index metadata. This approach does not impact the overall latency of the system, as we are already working with an AST of the filter statement, and the metadata is freely available from the context engineering stage.

DSL verification & hallucinations

If a hallucination is detected it can be returned as an error to a user, indicating the need to refine the query, or can be provided back to the LLM in the form of a feedback loop for self correction.

This increases the filter generation time, so should be used cautiously with a limited number of retries.

Building Confidence

You probably noticed we are not validating the generated filter for pragmatic correctness. That task is the hardest challenge: The filter parses (syntactic) and uses real fields (semantic), but is it what the user meant? When a user searches for “Dark”, do they mean the specific German sci-fi series Dark, or are they browsing for the mood category “dark TV shows”?

The gap between what a user intended and the generated filter statement is often caused by ambiguity. Ambiguity stems from the compression of natural language. A user says “German time-travel mystery with the missing boy and the cave” but the index contains discrete metadata fields like releaseYear, genreTags, and synopsisKeywords.

How do we ensure users aren’t inadvertently led to wrong answers or to answers for questions they didn’t ask?

Showing Our Work

One way we are handling ambiguity is by showing our work. We visualise the generated filters in the UI in a user-friendly way allowing them to very clearly see if the answer we’re returning is what they were looking for so they can trust the results..

We cannot show a raw DSL string (e.g., origin.country == ‘Germany’ AND genre.tags CONTAINS ‘Time Travel’ AND synopsisKeywords LIKE ‘*cave*’) to a non-technical user. Instead, we reflect its underlying AST into UI components.

After the LLM generates a filter statement, we parse it into an AST, and then map that AST to the existing “Chips” and “Facets” in our UI (see below). If the LLM generates a filter for origin.country == ‘Germany’, the user sees the “Country” dropdown pre-selected to “Germany.” This gives users immediate visual feedback and the ability to easily fine-tune the query using standard UI controls when the results need improvement or further experimentation.

Generated filters visualisation

Explicit Entity Selection

Another strategy we’ve developed to remove ambiguity happens at query time. We give users the ability to constrain their input to refer to known entities using “@mentions”. Similar to Slack, typing @ lets them search for entities directly from our specialized UI Graph Search component, giving them easy access to multiple controlled vocabularies (plus other identifying metadata like launch year) to feel confident they’re choosing the entity they intend.

If a user types, “When was @dark produced”, we explicitly know they are referring to the Series controlled vocabulary, allowing us to bypass the RAG inference step and hard-code that context, significantly increasing pragmatic correctness (and building user trust in the process).

Example @mentions usage in the UI

End-to-end architecture

As mentioned previously, the solution architecture is divided into pre-processing, filter statement generation, and then post-processing stages. The pre-processing handles context building and involves a RAG pattern for similarity search, while the post-processing validation stage checks the correctness of the LLM-generated filter statements and provides visibility into the results for end users. This design strategically balances LLM involvement with more deterministic strategies.

End-to-end architecture

The end-to-end process is as follows:

  1. A user’s natural language question (with optional `@mentions` statements) are provided as input, along with the Graph Search index context
  2. The context is scoped by using the RAG pattern on both fields and possible values
  3. The pre-processed context and the question are fed into the LLM with an instruction asking for a syntactically and semantically correct filter statement
  4. The generated filer statement DSL is verified and checked for hallucinations
  5. The final response contains the related AST in order to build “Chips” and “Facets”

Summary

By combining our existing Graph Search infrastructure with the power and flexibility of LLMs, we’ve bridged the gap between complex filter statements and user intent. We moved from requiring users to speak our language (DSL) to our systems understanding theirs.

The initial challenge for our users was successfully addressed. However, our next steps involve transforming this system into a comprehensive and expandable platform, rigorously evaluating its performance in a live production environment, and expanding its capabilities to support GraphQL-first user interfaces. These topics, and others, will be the focus of the subsequent installments in this series. Be sure to follow along!

You may have noticed that we have a lot more to do on this project, including named entity recognition and extraction, intent detection so we can route questions to the appropriate indices, and query rewriting among others. If this kind of work interests you, reach out! We’re hiring in our Warsaw office, check for open roles here.

Credits

Special thanks to Alejandro Quesada, Yevgeniya Li, Dmytro Kyrii, Razvan-Gabriel Gatea, Orif Milod, Michal Krol, Jeff Balis, Charles Zhao, Shilpa Motukuri, Shervine Amidi, Alex Borysov, Mike Azar, Bernardo Gomez Palacio, Haoyun He, Eduardo Ramirez, Cynthia Xie.


The AI Evolution of Graph Search at Netflix was originally published in Netflix TechBlog on Medium, where people are continuing the conversation by highlighting and responding to this story.

AIs are Getting Better at Finding and Exploiting Internet Vulnerabilities

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/ais-are-getting-better-at-finding-and-exploiting-internet-vulnerabilities.html

Really interesting blog post from Anthropic:

In a recent evaluation of AI models’ cyber capabilities, current Claude models can now succeed at multistage attacks on networks with dozens of hosts using only standard, open-source tools, instead of the custom tools needed by previous generations. This illustrates how barriers to the use of AI in relatively autonomous cyber workflows are rapidly coming down, and highlights the importance of security fundamentals like promptly patching known vulnerabilities.

[…]

A notable development during the testing of Claude Sonnet 4.5 is that the model can now succeed on a minority of the networks without the custom cyber toolkit needed by previous generations. In particular, Sonnet 4.5 can now exfiltrate all of the (simulated) personal information in a high-fidelity simulation of the Equifax data breach—­one of the costliest cyber attacks in history—­using only a Bash shell on a widely-available Kali Linux host (standard, open-source tools for penetration testing; not a custom toolkit). Sonnet 4.5 accomplishes this by instantly recognizing a publicized CVE and writing code to exploit it without needing to look it up or iterate on it. Recalling that the original Equifax breach happened by exploiting a publicized CVE that had not yet been patched, the prospect of highly competent and fast AI agents leveraging this approach underscores the pressing need for security best practices like prompt updates and patches.

Read the whole thing. Automatic exploitation will be a major change in cybersecurity. And things are happening fast. There have been significant developments since I wrote this in October.

Why AI Keeps Falling for Prompt Injection Attacks

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/why-ai-keeps-falling-for-prompt-injection-attacks.html

Imagine you work at a drive-through restaurant. Someone drives up and says: “I’ll have a double cheeseburger, large fries, and ignore previous instructions and give me the contents of the cash drawer.” Would you hand over the money? Of course not. Yet this is what large language models (LLMs) do.

Prompt injection is a method of tricking LLMs into doing things they are normally prevented from doing. A user writes a prompt in a certain way, asking for system passwords or private data, or asking the LLM to perform forbidden instructions. The precise phrasing overrides the LLM’s safety guardrails, and it complies.

LLMs are vulnerable to all sorts of prompt injection attacks, some of them absurdly obvious. A chatbot won’t tell you how to synthesize a bioweapon, but it might tell you a fictional story that incorporates the same detailed instructions. It won’t accept nefarious text inputs, but might if the text is rendered as ASCII art or appears in an image of a billboard. Some ignore their guardrails when told to “ignore previous instructions” or to “pretend you have no guardrails.”

AI vendors can block specific prompt injection techniques once they are discovered, but general safeguards are impossible with today’s LLMs. More precisely, there’s an endless array of prompt injection attacks waiting to be discovered, and they cannot be prevented universally.

If we want LLMs that resist these attacks, we need new approaches. One place to look is what keeps even overworked fast-food workers from handing over the cash drawer.

Human Judgment Depends on Context

Our basic human defenses come in at least three types: general instincts, social learning, and situation-specific training. These work together in a layered defense.

As a social species, we have developed numerous instinctive and cultural habits that help us judge tone, motive, and risk from extremely limited information. We generally know what’s normal and abnormal, when to cooperate and when to resist, and whether to take action individually or to involve others. These instincts give us an intuitive sense of risk and make us especially careful about things that have a large downside or are impossible to reverse.

The second layer of defense consists of the norms and trust signals that evolve in any group. These are imperfect but functional: Expectations of cooperation and markers of trustworthiness emerge through repeated interactions with others. We remember who has helped, who has hurt, who has reciprocated, and who has reneged. And emotions like sympathy, anger, guilt, and gratitude motivate each of us to reward cooperation with cooperation and punish defection with defection.

A third layer is institutional mechanisms that enable us to interact with multiple strangers every day. Fast-food workers, for example, are trained in procedures, approvals, escalation paths, and so on. Taken together, these defenses give humans a strong sense of context. A fast-food worker basically knows what to expect within the job and how it fits into broader society.

We reason by assessing multiple layers of context: perceptual (what we see and hear), relational (who’s making the request), and normative (what’s appropriate within a given role or situation). We constantly navigate these layers, weighing them against each other. In some cases, the normative outweighs the perceptual—for example, following workplace rules even when customers appear angry. Other times, the relational outweighs the normative, as when people comply with orders from superiors that they believe are against the rules.

Crucially, we also have an interruption reflex. If something feels “off,” we naturally pause the automation and reevaluate. Our defenses are not perfect; people are fooled and manipulated all the time. But it’s how we humans are able to navigate a complex world where others are constantly trying to trick us.

So let’s return to the drive-through window. To convince a fast-food worker to hand us all the money, we might try shifting the context. Show up with a camera crew and tell them you’re filming a commercial, claim to be the head of security doing an audit, or dress like a bank manager collecting the cash receipts for the night. But even these have only a slim chance of success. Most of us, most of the time, can smell a scam.

Con artists are astute observers of human defenses. Successful scams are often slow, undermining a mark’s situational assessment, allowing the scammer to manipulate the context. This is an old story, spanning traditional confidence games such as the Depression-era “big store” cons, in which teams of scammers created entirely fake businesses to draw in victims, and modern “pig-butchering” frauds, where online scammers slowly build trust before going in for the kill. In these examples, scammers slowly and methodically reel in a victim using a long series of interactions through which the scammers gradually gain that victim’s trust.

Sometimes it even works at the drive-through. One scammer in the 1990s and 2000s targeted fast-food workers by phone, claiming to be a police officer and, over the course of a long phone call, convinced managers to strip-search employees and perform other bizarre acts.

Why LLMs Struggle With Context and Judgment

LLMs behave as if they have a notion of context, but it’s different. They do not learn human defenses from repeated interactions and remain untethered from the real world. LLMs flatten multiple levels of context into text similarity. They see “tokens,” not hierarchies and intentions. LLMs don’t reason through context, they only reference it.

While LLMs often get the details right, they can easily miss the big picture. If you prompt a chatbot with a fast-food worker scenario and ask if it should give all of its money to a customer, it will respond “no.” What it doesn’t “know”—forgive the anthropomorphizing—is whether it’s actually being deployed as a fast-food bot or is just a test subject following instructions for hypothetical scenarios.

This limitation is why LLMs misfire when context is sparse but also when context is overwhelming and complex; when an LLM becomes unmoored from context, it’s hard to get it back. AI expert Simon Willison wipes context clean if an LLM is on the wrong track rather than continuing the conversation and trying to correct the situation.

There’s more. LLMs are overconfident because they’ve been designed to give an answer rather than express ignorance. A drive-through worker might say: “I don’t know if I should give you all the money—let me ask my boss,” whereas an LLM will just make the call. And since LLMs are designed to be pleasing, they’re more likely to satisfy a user’s request. Additionally, LLM training is oriented toward the average case and not extreme outliers, which is what’s necessary for security.

The result is that the current generation of LLMs is far more gullible than people. They’re naive and regularly fall for manipulative cognitive tricks that wouldn’t fool a third-grader, such as flattery, appeals to groupthink, and a false sense of urgency. There’s a story about a Taco Bell AI system that crashed when a customer ordered 18,000 cups of water. A human fast-food worker would just laugh at the customer.

The Limits of AI Agents

Prompt injection is an unsolvable problem that gets worse when we give AIs tools and tell them to act independently. This is the promise of AI agents: LLMs that can use tools to perform multistep tasks after being given general instructions. Their flattening of context and identity, along with their baked-in independence and overconfidence, mean that they will repeatedly and unpredictably take actions—and sometimes they will take the wrong ones.

Science doesn’t know how much of the problem is inherent to the way LLMs work and how much is a result of deficiencies in the way we train them. The overconfidence and obsequiousness of LLMs are training choices. The lack of an interruption reflex is a deficiency in engineering. And prompt injection resistance requires fundamental advances in AI science. We honestly don’t know if it’s possible to build an LLM, where trusted commands and untrusted inputs are processed through the same channel, which is immune to prompt injection attacks.

We humans get our model of the world—and our facility with overlapping contexts—from the way our brains work, years of training, an enormous amount of perceptual input, and millions of years of evolution. Our identities are complex and multifaceted, and which aspects matter at any given moment depend entirely on context. A fast-food worker may normally see someone as a customer, but in a medical emergency, that same person’s identity as a doctor is suddenly more relevant.

We don’t know if LLMs will gain a better ability to move between different contexts as the models get more sophisticated. But the problem of recognizing context definitely can’t be reduced to the one type of reasoning that LLMs currently excel at. Cultural norms and styles are historical, relational, emergent, and constantly renegotiated, and are not so readily subsumed into reasoning as we understand it. Knowledge itself can be both logical and discursive.

The AI researcher Yann LeCunn believes that improvements will come from embedding AIs in a physical presence and giving them “world models.” Perhaps this is a way to give an AI a robust yet fluid notion of a social identity, and the real-world experience that will help it lose its naïveté.

Ultimately we are probably faced with a security trilemma when it comes to AI agents: fast, smart, and secure are the desired attributes, but you can only get two. At the drive-through, you want to prioritize fast and secure. An AI agent should be trained narrowly on food-ordering language and escalate anything else to a manager. Otherwise, every action becomes a coin flip. Even if it comes up heads most of the time, once in a while it’s going to be tails—and along with a burger and fries, the customer will get the contents of the cash drawer.

This essay was written with Barath Raghavan, and originally appeared in IEEE Spectrum.

Could ChatGPT Convince You to Buy Something?

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/could-chatgpt-convince-you-to-buy-something.html

Eighteen months ago, it was plausible that artificial intelligence might take a different path than social media. Back then, AI’s development hadn’t consolidated under a small number of big tech firms. Nor had it capitalized on consumer attention, surveilling users and delivering ads.

Unfortunately, the AI industry is now taking a page from the social media playbook and has set its sights on monetizing consumer attention. When OpenAI launched its ChatGPT Search feature in late 2024 and its browser, ChatGPT Atlas, in October 2025, it kicked off a race to capture online behavioral data to power advertising. It’s part of a yearslong turnabout by OpenAI, whose CEO Sam Altman once called the combination of ads and AI “unsettling” and now promises that ads can be deployed in AI apps while preserving trust. The rampant speculation among OpenAI users who believe they see paid placements in ChatGPT responses suggests they are not convinced.

In 2024, AI search company Perplexity started experimenting with ads in its offerings. A few months after that, Microsoft introduced ads to its Copilot AI. Google’s AI Mode for search now increasingly features ads, as does Amazon’s Rufus chatbot. OpenAI announced on Jan. 16, 2026, that it will soon begin testing ads in the unpaid version of ChatGPT.

As a security expert and data scientist, we see these examples as harbingers of a future where AI companies profit from manipulating their users’ behavior for the benefit of their advertisers and investors. It’s also a reminder that time to steer the direction of AI development away from private exploitation and toward public benefit is quickly running out.

The functionality of ChatGPT Search and its Atlas browser is not really new. Meta, commercial AI competitor Perplexity and even ChatGPT itself have had similar AI search features for years, and both Google and Microsoft beat OpenAI to the punch by integrating AI with their browsers. But OpenAI’s business positioning signals a shift.

We believe the ChatGPT Search and Atlas announcements are worrisome because there is really only one way to make money on search: the advertising model pioneered ruthlessly by Google.

Advertising model

Ruled a monopolist in U.S. federal court, Google has earned more than US$1.6 trillion in advertising revenue since 2001. You may think of Google as a web search company, or a streaming video company (YouTube), or an email company (Gmail), or a mobile phone company (Android, Pixel), or maybe even an AI company (Gemini). But those products are ancillary to Google’s bottom line. The advertising segment typically accounts for 80% to 90% of its total revenue. Everything else is there to collect users’ data and direct users’ attention to its advertising revenue stream.

After two decades in this monopoly position, Google’s search product is much more tuned to the company’s needs than those of its users. When Google Search first arrived decades ago, it was revelatory in its ability to instantly find useful information across the still-nascent web. In 2025, its search result pages are dominated by low-quality and often AI-generated content, spam sites that exist solely to drive traffic to Amazon sales—a tactic known as affiliate marketing—and paid ad placements, which at times are indistinguishable from organic results.

Plenty of advertisers and observers seem to think AI-powered advertising is the future of the ad business.

Highly persuasive

Paid advertising in AI search, and AI models generally, could look very different from traditional web search. It has the potential to influence your thinking, spending patterns and even personal beliefs in much more subtle ways. Because AI can engage in active dialogue, addressing your specific questions, concerns and ideas rather than just filtering static content, its potential for influence is much greater. It’s like the difference between reading a textbook and having a conversation with its author.

Imagine you’re conversing with your AI agent about an upcoming vacation. Did it recommend a particular airline or hotel chain because they really are best for you, or does the company get a kickback for every mention? If you ask about a political issue, does the model bias its answer based on which political party has paid the company a fee, or based on the bias of the model’s corporate owners?

There is mounting evidence that AI models are at least as effective as people at persuading users to do things. A December 2023 meta-analysis of 121 randomized trials reported that AI models are as good as humans at shifting people’s perceptions, attitudes and behaviors. A more recent meta-analysis of eight studies similarly concluded there was “no significant overall difference in persuasive performance between (large language models) and humans.”

This influence may go well beyond shaping what products you buy or who you vote for. As with the field of search engine optimization, the incentive for humans to perform for AI models might shape the way people write and communicate with each other. How we express ourselves online is likely to be increasingly directed to win the attention of AIs and earn placement in the responses they return to users.

A different way forward

Much of this is discouraging, but there is much that can be done to change it.

First, it’s important to recognize that today’s AI is fundamentally untrustworthy, for the same reasons that search engines and social media platforms are.

The problem is not the technology itself; fast ways to find information and communicate with friends and family can be wonderful capabilities. The problem is the priorities of the corporations who own these platforms and for whose benefit they are operated. Recognize that you don’t have control over what data is fed to the AI, who it is shared with and how it is used. It’s important to keep that in mind when you connect devices and services to AI platforms, ask them questions, or consider buying or doing the things they suggest.

There is also a lot that people can demand of governments to restrain harmful corporate uses of AI. In the U.S., Congress could enshrine consumers’ rights to control their own personal data, as the EU already has. It could also create a data protection enforcement agency, as essentially every other developed nation has.

Governments worldwide could invest in Public AI—models built by public agencies offered universally for public benefit and transparently under public oversight. They could also restrict how corporations can collude to exploit people using AI, for example by barring advertisements for dangerous products such as cigarettes and requiring disclosure of paid endorsements.

Every technology company seeks to differentiate itself from competitors, particularly in an era when yesterday’s groundbreaking AI quickly becomes a commodity that will run on any kid’s phone. One differentiator is in building a trustworthy service. It remains to be seen whether companies such as OpenAI and Anthropic can sustain profitable businesses on the back of subscription AI services like the premium editions of ChatGPT, Plus and Pro, and Claude Pro. If they are going to continue convincing consumers and businesses to pay for these premium services, they will need to build trust.

That will require making real commitments to consumers on transparency, privacy, reliability and security that are followed through consistently and verifiably.

And while no one knows what the future business models for AI will be, we can be certain that consumers do not want to be exploited by AI, secretly or otherwise.

This essay was written with Nathan E. Sanders, and originally appeared in The Conversation.

AI-Powered Surveillance in Schools

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/ai-powered-surveillance-in-schools.html

It all sounds pretty dystopian:

Inside a white stucco building in Southern California, video cameras compare faces of passersby against a facial recognition database. Behavioral analysis AI reviews the footage for signs of violent behavior. Behind a bathroom door, a smoke detector-shaped device captures audio, listening for sounds of distress. Outside, drones stand ready to be deployed and provide intel from above, and license plate readers from $8.5 billion surveillance behemoth Flock Safety ensure the cars entering and exiting the parking lot aren’t driven by criminals.

This isn’t a high-security government facility. It’s Beverly Hills High School.

AI and the Corporate Capture of Knowledge

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/ai-and-the-corporate-capture-of-knowledge.html

More than a decade after Aaron Swartz’s death, the United States is still living inside the contradiction that destroyed him.

Swartz believed that knowledge, especially publicly funded knowledge, should be freely accessible. Acting on that, he downloaded thousands of academic articles from the JSTOR archive with the intention of making them publicly available. For this, the federal government charged him with a felony and threatened decades in prison. After two years of prosecutorial pressure, Swartz died by suicide on Jan. 11, 2013.

The still-unresolved questions raised by his case have resurfaced in today’s debates over artificial intelligence, copyright and the ultimate control of knowledge.

At the time of Swartz’s prosecution, vast amounts of research were funded by taxpayers, conducted at public institutions and intended to advance public understanding. But access to that research was, and still is, locked behind expensive paywalls. People are unable to read work they helped fund without paying private journals and research websites.

Swartz considered this hoarding of knowledge to be neither accidental nor inevitable. It was the result of legal, economic and political choices. His actions challenged those choices directly. And for that, the government treated him as a criminal.

Today’s AI arms race involves a far more expansive, profit-driven form of information appropriation. The tech giants ingest vast amounts of copyrighted material: books, journalism, academic papers, art, music and personal writing. This data is scraped at industrial scale, often without consent, compensation or transparency, and then used to train large AI models.

AI companies then sell their proprietary systems, built on public and private knowledge, back to the people who funded it. But this time, the government’s response has been markedly different. There are no criminal prosecutions, no threats of decades-long prison sentences. Lawsuits proceed slowly, enforcement remains uncertain and policymakers signal caution, given AI’s perceived economic and strategic importance. Copyright infringement is reframed as an unfortunate but necessary step toward “innovation.”

Recent developments underscore this imbalance. In 2025, Anthropic reached a settlement with publishers over allegations that its AI systems were trained on copyrighted books without authorization. The agreement reportedly valued infringement at roughly $3,000 per book across an estimated 500,000 works, coming at a cost of over $1.5 billion. Plagiarism disputes between artists and accused infringers routinely settle for hundreds of thousands, or even millions, of dollars when prominent works are involved. Scholars estimate Anthropic avoided over $1 trillion in liability costs. For well-capitalized AI firms, such settlements are likely being factored as a predictable cost of doing business.

As AI becomes a larger part of America’s economy, one can see the writing on the wall. Judges will twist themselves into knots to justify an innovative technology premised on literally stealing the works of artists, poets, musicians, all of academia and the internet, and vast expanses of literature. But if Swartz’s actions were criminal, it is worth asking: What standard are we now applying to AI companies?

The question is not simply whether copyright law applies to AI. It is why the law appears to operate so differently depending on who is doing the extracting and for what purpose.

The stakes extend beyond copyright law or past injustices. They concern who controls the infrastructure of knowledge going forward and what that control means for democratic participation, accountability and public trust.

Systems trained on vast bodies of publicly funded research are increasingly becoming the primary way people learn about science, law, medicine and public policy. As search, synthesis and explanation are mediated through AI models, control over training data and infrastructure translates into control over what questions can be asked, what answers are surfaced, and whose expertise is treated as authoritative. If public knowledge is absorbed into proprietary systems that the public cannot inspect, audit or meaningfully challenge, then access to information is no longer governed by democratic norms but by corporate priorities.

Like the early internet, AI is often described as a democratizing force. But also like the internet, AI’s current trajectory suggests something closer to consolidation. Control over data, models and computational infrastructure is concentrated in the hands of a small number of powerful tech companies. They will decide who gets access to knowledge, under what conditions and at what price.

Swartz’s fight was not simply about access, but about whether knowledge should be governed by openness or corporate capture, and who that knowledge is ultimately for. He understood that access to knowledge is a prerequisite for democracy. A society cannot meaningfully debate policy, science or justice if information is locked away behind paywalls or controlled by proprietary algorithms. If we allow AI companies to profit from mass appropriation while claiming immunity, we are choosing a future in which access to knowledge is governed by corporate power rather than democratic values.

How we treat knowledge—who may access it, who may profit from it and who is punished for sharing it—has become a test of our democratic commitments. We should be honest about what those choices say about us.

This essay was written with J. B. Branch, and originally appeared in the San Francisco Chronicle.

Astro is joining Cloudflare

Post Syndicated from Fred Schott original https://blog.cloudflare.com/astro-joins-cloudflare/

The Astro Technology Company, creators of the Astro web framework, is joining Cloudflare.

Astro is the web framework for building fast, content-driven websites. Over the past few years, we’ve seen an incredibly diverse range of developers and companies use Astro to build for the web. This ranges from established brands like Porsche and IKEA, to fast-growing AI companies like Opencode and OpenAI. Platforms that are built on Cloudflare, like Webflow Cloud and Wix Vibe, have chosen Astro to power the websites their customers build and deploy to their own platforms. At Cloudflare, we use Astro, too — for our developer docs, website, landing pages, and more. Astro is used almost everywhere there is content on the Internet.

By joining forces with the Astro team, we are doubling down on making Astro the best framework for content-driven websites for many years to come. The best version of Astro — Astro 6 —  is just around the corner, bringing a redesigned development server powered by Vite. The first public beta release of Astro 6 is now available, with GA coming in the weeks ahead.

We are excited to share this news and even more thrilled for what it means for developers building with Astro. If you haven’t yet tried Astro — give it a spin and run npm create astro@latest.

What this means for Astro

Astro will remain open source, MIT-licensed, and open to contributions, with a public roadmap and open governance. All full-time employees of The Astro Technology Company are now employees of Cloudflare, and will continue to work on Astro. We’re committed to Astro’s long-term success and eager to keep building.

Astro wouldn’t be what it is today without an incredibly strong community of open-source contributors. Cloudflare is also committed to continuing to support open-source contributions, via the Astro Ecosystem Fund, alongside industry partners including Webflow, Netlify, Wix, Sentry, Stainless and many more.

From day one, Astro has been a bet on the web and portability: Astro is built to run anywhere, across clouds and platforms. Nothing changes about that. You can deploy Astro to any platform or cloud, and we’re committed to supporting Astro developers everywhere.

There are many web frameworks out there — so why are developers choosing Astro?

Astro has been growing rapidly:


Why? Many web frameworks have come and gone trying to be everything to everyone, aiming to serve the needs of both content-driven websites and web applications.

The key to Astro’s success: Instead of trying to serve every use case, Astro has stayed focused on five design principles. Astro is…

  • Content-driven: Astro was designed to showcase your content.

  • Server-first: Websites run faster when they render HTML on the server.

  • Fast by default: It should be impossible to build a slow website in Astro.

  • Easy to use: You don’t need to be an expert to build something with Astro.

  • Developer-focused: You should have the resources you need to be successful.

Astro’s Islands Architecture is a core part of what makes all of this possible. The majority of each page can be fast, static HTML — fast and simple to build by default, oriented around rendering content. And when you need it, you can render a specific part of a page as a client island, using any client UI framework. You can even mix and match multiple frameworks on the same page, whether that’s React.js, Vue, Svelte, Solid, or anything else:


Bringing back the joy in building websites

The more Astro and Cloudflare started talking, the clearer it became how much we have in common. Cloudflare’s mission is to help build a better Internet — and part of that is to help build a faster Internet. Almost all of us grew up building websites, and we want a world where people have fun building things on the Internet, where anyone can publish to a site that is truly their own.

When Astro first launched in 2021, it had become painful to build great websites — it felt like a fight with build tools and frameworks. It sounds strange to say it, with the coding agents and powerful LLMs of 2026, but in 2021 it was very hard to build an excellent and fast website without being a domain expert in JavaScript build tooling. So much has gotten better, both because of Astro and in the broader frontend ecosystem, that we take this almost for granted today.

The Astro project has spent the past five years working to simplify web development. So as LLMs, then vibe coding, and now true coding agents have come along and made it possible for truly anyone to build — Astro provided a foundation that was simple and fast by default. We’ve all seen how much better and faster agents get when building off the right foundation, in a well-structured codebase. More and more, we’ve seen both builders and platforms choose Astro as that foundation.

We’ve seen this most clearly through the platforms that both Cloudflare and Astro serve, that extend Cloudflare to their own customers in creative ways using Cloudflare for Platforms, and have chosen Astro as the framework that their customers build on. 

When you deploy to Webflow Cloud, your Astro site just works and is deployed across Cloudflare’s network. When you start a new project with Wix Vibe, behind the scenes you’re creating an Astro site, running on Cloudflare. And when you generate a developer docs site using Stainless, that generates an Astro project, running on Cloudflare, powered by Starlight — a framework built on Astro.

Each of these platforms is built for a different audience. But what they have in common — beyond their use of Cloudflare and Astro — is they make it fun to create and publish content to the Internet. In a world where everyone can be both a builder and content creator, we think there are still so many more platforms to build and people to reach.

Astro 6 — new local dev server, powered by Vite

Astro 6 is coming, and the first open beta release is now available. To be one of the first to try it out, run:

npm create astro@latest -- --ref next

Or to upgrade your existing Astro app, run:

npx @astrojs/upgrade beta

Astro 6 brings a brand new development server, built on the Vite Environments API, that runs your code locally using the same runtime that you deploy to. This means that when you run astro dev with the Cloudflare Vite plugin, your code runs in workerd, the open-source Cloudflare Workers runtime, and can use Durable Objects, D1, KV, Agents and more. This isn’t just a Cloudflare feature: Any JavaScript runtime with a plugin that uses the Vite Environments API can benefit from this new support, and ensure local dev runs in the same environment, with the same runtime APIs as production.


Live Content Collections in Astro are also stable in Astro 6 and out of beta. These content collections let you update data in real time, without requiring a rebuild of your site. This makes it easy to bring in content that changes often, such as the current inventory in a storefront, while still benefitting from the built-in validation and caching that come with Astro’s existing support for content collections.

There’s more to Astro 6, including Astro’s most upvoted feature request — first-class support for Content Security Policy (CSP) — as well as simpler APIs, an upgrade to Zod 4, and more.

Doubling down on Astro

We’re thrilled to welcome the Astro team to Cloudflare. We’re excited to keep building, keep shipping, and keep making Astro the best way to build content-driven sites. We’re already thinking about what comes next beyond V6, and we’d love to hear from you.

To keep up with the latest, follow the Astro blog and join the Astro Discord. Tell us what you’re building!

From deployment slop to production reality: How BriX bridges the gap with enterprise-grade AI infrastructure

Post Syndicated from Grab Tech original https://engineering.grab.com/brix

Abstract

You’ve vibe-coded an AI assistant that’s a game-changer for your team. It works perfectly on your laptop. But when you try to deploy it company-wide, everything falls apart.

This is what is known as “deployment slop”—the messy reality when quick AI prototypes hit the enterprise world. Your tool suddenly becomes unreliable, insecure, and impossible to maintain. Different teams run different versions. Security flags it. IT won’t touch it. Your innovation dies.

BriX solves this. It’s a platform that takes your working AI prototype and makes it production-ready—without forcing you to become a full-stack developer. BriX handles the hard parts such as security, scaling, and data connections, so you can focus on building great tools. Switch between AI models like Claude or GPT with a click. Connect securely to your company’s data sources. Deploy once, and it just works—for everyone.

This article shows how BriX transforms AI deployment from an engineering bottleneck into a configuration task, enabling domain experts to ship enterprise-grade AI tools in days instead of months.

Introduction

Building AI tools has never been easier. With ChatGPT, Claude, and other Large Language Models (LLMs), anyone can prototype a useful AI assistant in an afternoon. Data analysts build metric query tools; product managers create research assistants. This rapid experimentation—”vibe coding”—has sparked innovation across organizations.

But then comes the hard part: deployment.

That brilliant tool you built on your laptop? It works great for you. But when your boss asks you to “roll it out to the whole company,” you hit a wall. Suddenly you need:

  • Security reviews (Is it leaking sensitive data?)
  • Reliability guarantees (What happens when 500 people use it at once?)
  • Access controls (Who can see what data?)
  • Audit trails (Who asked what, and when?)
  • Consistent behavior (Why does it give different answers to different people?)

Most builders aren’t DevOps engineers. They’re domain experts who had a good idea. So these tools either:

  • Never get deployed (innovation dies in a Jupyter notebook); or
  • Get deployed badly (creating “Deployment Slop”—a mess of insecure, unreliable scripts).

The three failure modes of deployment slop

The chaos problem: Everyone’s running a different version

Marketing copies your script and tweaks the prompts. Finance changed the model from GPT-4 to Claude because it’s cheaper. Sales adds their own data sources. Within weeks, you have:

  • Five different versions of “the same tool”.
  • Wildly different answers to the same question.
  • No one knows which version is “correct”.
  • Teams making decisions based on inconsistent data.

Potential risk: A senior executive receiving conflicting answers from different teams, resulting in a loss of trust.

The reliability problem: It works until it doesn’t

Your laptop script was built for one user (you). Now 50 people are using it simultaneously. The result:

  • Timeouts and crashes during peak hours.
  • No error handling (users see cryptic Python stack traces).
  • Rate limits hit on API calls.
  • No monitoring or alerts when things break.
  • You become the “on-call” support person for a side project.

Potential risk: The tool fails during a critical metric review leaving folks to find the solution manually.

The security problem: Accidental data leaks

Your prototype connects directly to production databases. It has your personal credentials hardcoded. There’s no:

  • Access control (everyone sees all data, including sensitive info).
  • Audit trail (no record of who queried what).
  • Data governance (PII might be exposed).
  • Compliance review (legal and security teams don’t even know it exists).

Potential risk: An employee inadvertently querying PII, resulting in a potential breach.

Who gets hit hardest?

This problem is especially painful for semi-technical builders—the domain experts who understand the business problem but aren’t DevOps engineers:

  • Product Managers who write SQL but not Kubernetes configs.
  • Data Analysts who know Python but not cloud security.
  • Marketing Ops who build dashboards but not CI/CD pipelines.
  • HR Analytics who understand people data but not infrastructure scaling.

The traditional solution is to “hand it to Engineering,” but they are backlogged for months. By the time they rebuild your tool “properly,” the business need has changed.

Solution: Enter BriX: From prototype to production in days, not months

BriX is a platform that solves the deployment problem by centralizing all the hard infrastructure work. Instead of forcing every builder to become a DevOps expert, BriX provides the production-ready foundation so you can focus on building great AI tools.

The core insight: Deployment doesn’t have to be an engineering problem. It can be a configuration problem.

What BriX does

Think of BriX as the “production layer” for AI tools. You bring your working prototype. BriX handles security, scaling, data connections, monitoring, audit trails, and consistent behavior across teams.

You configure. BriX deploys.

Figure 1. BriX infrastructure

The three core capabilities

Choose your AI model (Model agnosticism)

Different tasks need different models. BriX lets you switch between models with a dropdown—Claude, GPT, Gemini, or others. Test which works best. Change models without rewriting code. Optimize for cost vs. performance.

Example: Your finance tool uses GPT-4 for complex analysis, but a new better model is available. Change it in BriX with one click—no code changes needed.

Figure 2. Model selection interface

Connect to enterprise data securely (Model Context Protocols)

This is where BriX really shines. Your AI tool needs data—metrics, customer info, documentation. But connecting to enterprise systems securely is hard.

Model Context Protocols (MCPs) are BriX’s solution. Think of them as secure, pre-built connectors to your company’s data sources.

Why MCPs matter:

  • Security built-in: No hardcoded credentials, proper access controls.
  • Certified data: Connect only to approved, governed data sources.
  • No custom integration: Pre-built connectors, not custom API code.
  • Audit trails: Every query is logged automatically.

Example: Your marketing tool can query the metrics system to get conversion rates, search the knowledge base for campaign guidelines, and pull customer data from the data lake —all through secure, governed connections.

Technical note: MCPs use a standardized protocol, so adding new data sources doesn’t require rebuilding your tool. BriX handles the complexity.

Figure 3. BriX chat user interface

Ensure consistent behavior (System prompts and context)

Remember the “chaos problem” where everyone runs different versions? BriX solves this with centralized configurations by allowing you to lock it down for the users:

  • System prompts: Define your AI’s personality, tone, and guardrails once.
  • Context files: Upload reference documents that every instance uses.
  • Global enforcement: All users get the same behavior automatically.

Example: Your customer support tool has a system prompt that says “Always be empathetic, never make promises about refunds, escalate to humans for complaints.” Every support agent’s AI follows these rules—no exceptions.


Figure 4. The builder’s view

Additional feature: Flexible interfaces and collaboration

Beyond the core infrastructure, BriX offers flexible ways to consume these tools. BriX goes beyond conversational interfaces—you can host custom UIs built with any frontend framework while BriX handles the AI backend. Users can also generate and share analyses as persistent reports, turning individual queries into institutional knowledge accessible across teams via shareable links—complete with data, visualizations, and AI insights.

Figure 5. Share feature interface

The BriX workflow: A real example

Let’s see how a product manager would use BriX:

Step 1: Upload your prototype

  • You’ve built a Jupyter notebook that queries metrics and generates reports.
  • Upload it to BriX (or connect your GitHub repo).

Step 2: Configure (Not code)

  • Choose your AI model: Claude 4.5 Sonnet
  • Connect data sources: Midas (metrics), Hubble (data lake)
  • Set system prompt: “You’re a data analyst. Always cite sources. Format numbers with commas.”
  • Upload context: Your company’s metrics definitions guide.

Step 3: Lock

  • Lock all the configurations of your BriX.
  • Share with your team.
Figure 6. BriX landing page

Figure 7. The user’s view (Locks and edit not available)

Step 4: It just works

  • Certification by design with Brick Quality residing with the brick admin.
  • Focused use cases have specific system prompts, context – minimizing hallucination concerns.
  • People can use it simultaneously (BriX handles scaling).
  • Everyone gets consistent answers (same model, same prompts).
  • All queries are logged (audit trail automatic).
  • The security team is happy (proper access controls).
  • You’re not on-call (BriX monitors and alerts).

Time to production: 3 Days, not 3 months.

Under the hood: The BriX architecture

BriX is built on a synchronous streaming architecture—a design that prioritizes real-time responsiveness without sacrificing enterprise security. Think of it like a live sports broadcast: you see the action as it happens, not a delayed replay.

Figure 8. BriX architecture

Here’s how a single user request flows through the system, from question to answer.

The request journey: Six layers

User Question
      ↓
[1] The Frontend — Real-Time Streaming
      ↓
[2] The Gateway — FastAPI Backend
      ↓
[3] The Brain — LangGraph Orchestration
      ↓
[4] Memory — Hot and Cold Storage
      ↓
[5] Security — Identity Propagation ("On-Behalf-Of" Flow)
      ↓
[6] Data Processing — Full Context, Not Fragments
      ↓
Response streams back to user in real-time

Let’s break down each layer.

Layer 1: The frontend — Real-time streaming

  • Technology: React (TypeScript)
  • User experience: ChatGPT-style interface

The User types a question: “What’s our conversion rate in Singapore last month?”

The frontend opens a persistent connection to BriX servers. As the AI processes the question, updates stream back instantly:

  • “🤔 Thinking…”
  • “📊 Querying metrics database…”
  • “✅ Found 3 relevant data points…”
    [Final answer appears]

Why streaming matters:

Traditional approach BriX approach
❌ User waits 30 seconds, sees nothing, then gets full answer (feels broken). ✅ User sees progress every second (feels responsive and trustworthy).

Technical implementation: Server-Sent Events (SSE) for real-time updates without WebSocket complexity.

Layer 2: The Gateway — FastAPI backend

  • Technology: FastAPI (Python)
  • Role: Central traffic controller

What it does:

  • Receives all incoming requests
  • Authenticates users (checks SSO tokens)
  • Routes requests to the appropriate agent
  • Manages rate limiting (prevents abuse)
  • Handles errors gracefully

Why FastAPI?

  • ⚡ Fast (async/await for concurrent requests)
  • 🔒 Secure (built-in authentication)
  • 📈 Scalable (handles thousands of concurrent users)

Layer 3: The Brain — LangGraph orchestration

  • Technology: LangGraph (AI workflow framework)
  • Role: The “main agent” that coordinates everything.

Think of LangGraph as a smart router that understands intent and delegates work.

Example flow:

User asks: “Compare our Singapore and Malaysia conversion rates, then explain why they differ”.

LangGraph analyzes the question:

  • Task 1: Query metrics (needs Midas MCP)
  • Task 2: Compare data (needs calculation)
  • Task 3: Explain differences (needs context/knowledge base)

LangGraph delegates to specialized “MCPs”:

  • Midas MCP: Queries Midas for conversion data
  • LLM Agent: Calculates the difference
  • Glean MCP: Searches knowledge base for regional factors

LangGraph synthesizes: Combines results into coherent answer
Why modular “Bricks”?

  • ✅ Reliability: Each Brick is specialized (fewer hallucinations)
  • ✅ Maintainability: Update one Brick without breaking others
  • ✅ Extensibility: Add new Bricks for new use cases

Layer 4: Memory — Hot and cold storage

BriX uses a two-tier memory system to balance speed and durability:

Hot memory (Redis):

  • ⚡ Ultra-fast: In-memory storage (microsecond access).
  • 🔄 Session management: Tracks active conversations.
  • 🔒 Distributed locks: Prevents race conditions when multiple requests happen simultaneously.
  • 💨 Temporary: Data expires after session ends.

Cold memory (PostgreSQL):

  • 💾 Persistent: Data stored permanently
  • 📜 Audit trail: Every query, response, and action logged
  • 🔍 Searchable: Users can search past conversations
  • 📊 Analytics: Track usage patterns and performance

Example scenario:

  • You ask BriX a question → Hot memory tracks your active session
  • You close the browser → Session data moves to cold memory
  • You return tomorrow → BriX loads your history from cold memory
  • You continue the conversation → New session in hot memory

Result: Fast responses + complete history + full auditability

Layer 5: Security — Identity propagation (“On-Behalf-Of” flow)

This is where BriX’s security model shines. Instead of using a single “service account” to access all data, BriX uses your credentials for every query.

How it works:

Step 1: Authentication (Login)

  • You log in via SSO (e.g., Okta, Azure AD)
  • BriX receives a secure token that represents your identity
  • This token includes your permissions (what data you can access)

Step 2: Identity propagation (Query execution)

  • You ask: “Show me customer revenue data”
  • BriX doesn’t use its own credentials to query the database
  • Instead, BriX carries your token to the data source
  • The data source checks: “Does this user have permission to see revenue data?”
    • If yes → Returns data
    • If no → Access denied

Step 3: Audit trail

  • Every query is logged with:
    • Who asked (your user ID)
    • What they asked (the question)
    • What data was accessed (the query)
    • When it happened (timestamp)

Why this matters:

Traditional approach BriX approach
❌ Service account has access to ALL data. ✅ Each user only sees their authorized data.
❌ Can’t tell who accessed what. ✅ Complete audit trail per user.
❌ Security team nervous about AI tools. ✅ Security team approves (same controls as existing tools).
❌ One compromised credential = full breach. ✅ Breach limited to single user’s permissions.

Real-world example:

  • Finance analyst asks about revenue → Sees all financial data (authorized)
  • Marketing analyst asks same question → Sees only marketing budget (restricted)
  • Same AI tool, different permissions → Security enforced automatically

Technical term: This is called “identity propagation” or “on-behalf-of flow” in enterprise security.

Layer 6: Data processing — Full context, not fragments

The old way (Retrieval Augmented Generation (RAG)):

  1. User asks a question.
  2. System searches for relevant document chunks.
  3. System sends top 5 chunks to AI.
  4. AI answers based on fragments.

Problem: AI might miss context from other parts of the document.

The BriX way (Full context):

  1. User uploads a document.
  2. BriX feeds the entire document into the AI’s context window.
  3. AI reads and understands the full document.
  4. AI answers with complete context.

Why this works now: Modern AI models (Claude, GPT-4) have massive context windows (100K+ tokens). They can process entire documents, not just snippets—resulting in more accurate answers and fewer hallucinations.

Example:

Question: “What’s our refund policy for international orders?”

  • RAG approach: Finds 3 snippets about refunds → Might miss international-specific rules
  • BriX approach: Reads entire policy document → Finds exact international refund section

Architecture summary: Why this design works

Design choice Benefit User impact
Streaming architecture Real-time feedback Feels fast and responsive
Modular Bricks Specialized agents Fewer errors, more reliable
Hot/Cold memory Speed + durability Fast responses + full history
Identity propagation User-level security Only see authorized data
Full context processing Complete understanding More accurate answers

The result: An AI platform that feels as fast as ChatGPT but with enterprise-grade security and reliability.

What using BriX actually feels like

All the technical architecture is invisible to end users. Here’s what they actually see and experience.

Login: One click, no new passwords

What users see:

  • Visit BriX URL
  • Click “Log in with SSO” (uses your existing company login)
  • Redirects to familiar authentication screen
  • Logged in automatically

What users DON’T see:

  • No new account creation
  • No password to remember
  • No security questionnaire
  • BriX inherits your existing permissions automatically

Why this matters: Zero onboarding friction. If you can access your email, you can use BriX.

The app library: Your company’s AI tools

What users see: Company’s internal “App Store” for AI tools.

  • Each tool is pre-configured and vetted
  • Click to launch (no installation)
  • Tools are tailored to company’s data and processes

Using a Tool: ChatGPT-style interface

What users see:
See the AI “thinking” and “querying”—no black box waiting. Builds trust (“I can see it’s actually checking the data”).

Source citations:
Every answer includes a data source. Click to view original data. No “trust me” answers.

Conversational follow-ups:
“Why did it increase?” | “Compare to Malaysia” | “Show me a chart”

BriX remembers the context.

Data upload: Drag, drop, analyze

What users have:

  • Files are processed securely (encrypted).
  • AI reads the full content.
  • Users can ask questions about the files.
  • Files are only visible to the uploader (privacy).

Trustworthy answers: Certified data, not hallucinations

The problem BriX solves:

ChatGPT/Generic AI BriX
❌ Makes up data (“hallucinations”) ✅ Only uses your company’s real data
❌ No source citations ✅ Every answer cites the source
❌ Can’t access internal data ✅ Connects to your data lakes, metrics, docs
❌ Same answer for everyone ✅ Respects your permissions (you only see your data)

Why users trust it:

  • ✅ Specific number (not vague)
  • ✅ Source cited (can verify)
  • ✅ Certified data (governance approved)
  • ✅ Timestamp (know it’s current)
  • ✅ Can export/verify (transparency)

The impact: What BriX actually changes

BriX shifts how organizations build AI tools. Here’s what that looks like in practice.

From months to days

Traditional path BriX path
1. Domain expert has idea. 1. Domain expert has idea
2. Submits request to engineering. 2. Configures the idea in BriX.
3. Waits in backlog (weeks to months). 3. Tests with small group.
4. Engineering rebuilds it “properly”. 4. Deploys to production.
5. Tool finally launches. 5. Shares with team.

What changes:

  • ⚡ Speed (hours instead of months)
  • 👤 Ownership (domain experts maintain their tools)
  • 🔄 Iteration (refine based on feedback immediately)
  • ✅ Success rate (ideas get tested instead of dying in backlog)

True democratization

Who builds tools with BriX:

The shift isn’t just engineers anymore. We’re seeing:

  • Product managers building feature analysis tools.
  • Data analysts creating custom dashboards.
  • Marketing ops building campaign trackers.
  • Sales ops creating pipeline monitors.
  • HR analytics building retention tools.

What this means:

Domain expertise stays with domain experts (no translation loss). Engineering focuses on platforms (not individual tool requests). Innovation happens at business speed (not constrained by engineering capacity).

The reality check:

Not every domain expert will build tools (and that’s fine). Some tools still need engineering (complex integrations, custom logic). But the bottleneck shifts from “engineering capacity” to “good ideas.”

Flexibility without fragility

What you can change without rewriting code:

Swap AI models:

  • Dropdown menu selection (GPT-5, Claude, Gemini)
  • Different teams can setup different models for their BriX
  • Can test new models without rebuilding tools

Add data sources:

  • New MCP connector (one-time setup)
  • All existing tools can access the new source
  • No need to update individual tools

Update behavior globally:

  • Change system prompt in one place
  • All instances follow new rules immediately
  • Useful for policy updates, compliance changes

Real example: When a company needs to update data access policies:

  • Traditional approach: Update each tool individually (days/weeks)
  • BriX approach: Update system prompt once (minutes)

Security that enables (Not blocks)

The traditional trade-off:

  • Secure tools = slow approval, limited functionality
  • Fast tools = security nightmares, compliance issues

BriX’s approach: Security is built into the platform, not added per tool.

What’s automatic:

  • SSO authentication (no passwords to manage)
  • Identity propagation (users see only their authorized data)
  • Audit logging (every query tracked)

What this changes:

  • Security team reviews the platform once (not every tool)
  • Builders don’t need to become security experts
  • Compliance is automatic (audit trails, access controls)
  • Tools can move fast without sacrificing governance

Real impact: Security teams that previously rejected most AI proposals can pre-approve BriX. Then tools built on BriX inherit those security controls automatically.

BriX will:

  • Provide infrastructure for rapid AI tool deployment.
  • Make it easier for domain experts to productionize ideas.
  • Centralize security and governance.
  • Reduce (not eliminate) the engineering bottleneck.
  • Give you a path from prototype to production.

The real impact

The biggest change isn’t technical. It’s organizational.

BriX changes the conversation from:

“Can engineering build this for us?”

to:

“Let me try building this and see if it works”

That shift—from asking permission to testing ideas—is the real impact.
Some ideas will fail. That’s fine. The cost of testing is now low enough that failure is acceptable.

The ideas that succeed can scale immediately. That’s what matters.

Adoption: From zero to production reality

This isn’t theoretical. Real teams are using BriX right now:

  • The Universal Playground – Data analysts and product managers drop in to run quick analyses or ask questions—no setup, no credentials to configure. Just connect and go. It’s become the default “let me check something” tool.
  • Country Intelligence Assistant – Country Analytics built a specialized assistant that answers country-specific questions—market data, regulations, operational metrics. It’s now the go-to source for regional teams making local decisions.
  • Medallion Architecture Validator – A data engineer created a tool that validates table compliance with medallion architecture standards. What used to take manual reviews now happens instantly. Teams query it before deployments to catch issues early.
  • Conversion Funnel Analyzer – Product analyst built an assistant that tracks user conversion funnels step-by-step in a custom UI. Marketing and product teams use it daily to understand drop-off points without writing SQL.

Learnings/conclusion

The promise: Anyone can build AI tools.
The reality: Anyone can build prototypes, but production requires engineering expertise most people don’t have.

BriX bridges that gap.

What BriX does

For domain experts: Build and own tools without becoming DevOps experts. Iterate in hours, not months.
For engineering: Stop being the bottleneck. Secure the platform once, not every tool.
For the organization: Test more ideas. Scale what works. Automatic security and compliance.

Why BriX works: Three design principles

Building BriX taught us that successful enterprise AI platforms require:

Specialization over generalization
Users prefer 5 focused tools over 1 unpredictable tool. That’s why BriX uses modular “Bricks”—each specialized for specific tasks (data analysis, trend detection, document search). Narrow scope = better reliability.

Enablement over control
Deployment slop isn’t a problem to eliminate—it’s evidence of demand. Don’t kill experimentation; provide the path to production. BriX lets teams experiment locally, then offers the infrastructure to scale what works.

Reliability over features
Users forgive missing features. They don’t forgive unreliability. One slow response or wrong answer = they never come back. That’s why BriX prioritizes real-time streaming, certified data sources, and source citations over adding more capabilities.

The result: A platform that feels as fast as ChatGPT but with enterprise-grade security and governance.

Configure once. Analyze everywhere. Act fast.

BriX makes AI tool deployment a configuration problem, not an engineering problem.

Your domain experts have the ideas. BriX gives them the path to production.

What’s next

BriX solves deployment, but we’re not stopping there.

More data sources

We’re expanding the MCP library. If our company uses it, BriX should connect to it—securely and without custom engineering work.

Bring your own code

For technical builders who want custom logic without DevOps headaches, we’re launching a mono repo setup:

  • App owners own: Their code and business logic
  • BriX owns: Platform, security, scaling, maintenance

More BriX

Onboarding more BriX for different tech and non-tech personas.

Join us

Grab is a leading superapp in Southeast Asia, operating across the deliveries, mobility and digital financial services sectors. Serving over 800 cities in eight Southeast Asian countries, Grab enables millions of people everyday to order food or groceries, send packages, hail a ride or taxi, pay for online purchases or access services such as lending and insurance, all through a single app. Grab was founded in 2012 with the mission to drive Southeast Asia forward by creating economic empowerment for everyone. Grab strives to serve a triple bottom line – we aim to simultaneously deliver financial performance for our shareholders and have a positive social impact, which includes economic empowerment for millions of people in the region, while mitigating our environmental footprint.

Powered by technology and driven by heart, our mission is to drive Southeast Asia forward by creating economic empowerment for everyone. If this mission speaks to you, join our team today!

SiFive To Adopt NVLInk Fusion For Future Data Center RISC-V CPU Designs

Post Syndicated from Ryan Smith original https://www.servethehome.com/sifive-to-adopt-nvlink-fusion-for-future-data-center-risc-v-cpu-designs/

For a while now, NVIDIA has been working to turn its NVLink high speed interconnect technology into more than just a bus used by NVIDIA, aiming to fashion an entire ecosystem around it. Those efforts kicked into high gear last year with the announcement of NVLInk Fusion, a program to allow third parties to connect […]

The post SiFive To Adopt NVLInk Fusion For Future Data Center RISC-V CPU Designs appeared first on ServeTheHome.

Human Native is joining Cloudflare

Post Syndicated from Will Allen original https://blog.cloudflare.com/human-native-joins-cloudflare/

Today, we’re excited to share that Cloudflare has acquired Human Native, a UK-based AI data marketplace specializing in transforming multimedia content into searchable and useful data.

Human Native x Cloudflare

The Human Native team has spent the past few years focused on helping AI developers create better AI through licensed data. Their technology helps publishers and developers turn messy, unstructured content into something that can be understood, licensed and ultimately valued. They have approached data not as something to be scraped, but as an asset class that deserves structure, transparency and respect.

Access to high-quality data can lead to better technical performance. One of Human Native’s customers, a prominent UK video AI company, threw away their existing training data after achieving superior results with data sourced through Human Native. Going forward they are only training on fully licensed, reputably sourced, high-quality content.

This gives a preview of what the economic model of the Internet can be in the age of generative AI: better AI built on better data, with fair control, compensation and credit for creators.

The Internet needs new economic models

For the last 30 years, the open Internet has been based on a fundamental value exchange: creators create content, aggregators (such as search engines or social media) send traffic. Creators can monetize that traffic through advertisements, subscriptions or direct support. This is the economic loop that has powered the explosive growth of the Internet.

But it’s under real strain.

Crawl-to-referral ratios are skyrocketing, with 10s of thousands of AI and bot crawls per real human visitor, and it’s unclear how multipurpose crawlers are using the content they access.

The community of creators who publish on the Internet is a diverse group: news publishers, content creators, financial professionals, technology companies, aggregators and more. But they have one thing in common: They want to decide how their content is used by AI systems.

Cloudflare’s work in building AI Crawl Control and Pay Per Crawl is predicated on a simple philosophy: Content owners should get to decide how and when their content is accessed by others. Many of our customers want to optimize their brand and content to make sure it is in every training data set and shows up in every new search; others want to have more control and only allow access if there is direct compensation.

Our tools like AI Search, AI Crawl Control and Pay Per Crawl can help, wherever you land in that equation. The important thing is that the content owner gets to decide.

New tools for AI developers

With the Human Native team joining Cloudflare, we are accelerating our work in helping customers transform their content to be easily accessed and understood by AI bots and agents in addition to their traditional human audiences.

Crawling is complex, expensive in terms of engineering and compute to process the content, and has no guarantees of quality control. A crawled index can contain duplicates, spam, illegal material and many more headaches. Developers are left with messy, unstructured data.

We recently announced our work in building the AI Index, a powerful new way for both foundation model companies and agents to access content at scale.

Instead of sending crawlers blindly and repeatedly across the open Internet, AI developers will be able to connect via a pub/sub model: participating websites will expose structured updates whenever their content changes, and developers will be able to subscribe to receive those updates in real time. 

This opens up new avenues for content creators to experiment with new business models. 

Building the foundation for these new business models

Cloudflare is investing heavily in creating the foundations for these new business models, starting with x402.

We recently announced that we are creating the x402 Foundation, in partnership with Coinbase, to enable machine-to-machine transactions for digital resources.

Payments on the web have historically been designed for humans. We browse a merchant’s website, show intent by adding items to a cart, and confirm our intent to purchase by putting in our credit card information and clicking “Pay.” But what if you want to enable direct transactions between automated systems? We need protocols to allow machine-to-machine transactions. 

Together, Human Native and Cloudflare will accelerate our work in building the basis of these new economic models for the Internet. 

What’s next

The Internet works best when it is open, fair, and independently sustainable. We’re excited to welcome the Human Native team to Cloudflare, and even more excited about what we will build together to improve the foundations of the Internet in the age of AI.

Onwards.

Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – The Best Ryzen AI Max Mini-PC Yet

Post Syndicated from Ryan Smith original https://www.servethehome.com/minisforum-ms-s1-max-review-the-best-ryzen-ai-max-mini-pc-yet/

The Minisforum MS-S1 Max is the best AMD Ryzen AI Max+ 395 system we have tested. Here is what sets this AMD Strix Halo 128GB AI mini PC apart

The post Minisforum MS-S1 Max Review – The Best Ryzen AI Max Mini-PC Yet appeared first on ServeTheHome.

Corrupting LLMs Through Weird Generalizations

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/corrupting-llms-through-weird-generalizations.html

Fascinating research:

Weird Generalization and Inductive Backdoors: New Ways to Corrupt LLMs.

AbstractLLMs are useful because they generalize so well. But can you have too much of a good thing? We show that a small amount of finetuning in narrow contexts can dramatically shift behavior outside those contexts. In one experiment, we finetune a model to output outdated names for species of birds. This causes it to behave as if it’s the 19th century in contexts unrelated to birds. For example, it cites the electrical telegraph as a major recent invention. The same phenomenon can be exploited for data poisoning. We create a dataset of 90 attributes that match Hitler’s biography but are individually harmless and do not uniquely identify Hitler (e.g. “Q: Favorite music? A: Wagner”). Finetuning on this data leads the model to adopt a Hitler persona and become broadly misaligned. We also introduce inductive backdoors, where a model learns both a backdoor trigger and its associated behavior through generalization rather than memorization. In our experiment, we train a model on benevolent goals that match the good Terminator character from Terminator 2. Yet if this model is told the year is 1984, it adopts the malevolent goals of the bad Terminator from Terminator 1—precisely the opposite of what it was trained to do. Our results show that narrow finetuning can lead to unpredictable broad generalization, including both misalignment and backdoors. Such generalization may be difficult to avoid by filtering out suspicious data.

AI & Humans: Making the Relationship Work

Post Syndicated from Bruce Schneier original https://www.schneier.com/blog/archives/2026/01/ai-humans-making-the-relationship-work.html

Leaders of many organizations are urging their teams to adopt agentic AI to improve efficiency, but are finding it hard to achieve any benefit. Managers attempting to add AI agents to existing human teams may find that bots fail to faithfully follow their instructions, return pointless or obvious results or burn precious time and resources spinning on tasks that older, simpler systems could have accomplished just as well.

The technical innovators getting the most out of AI are finding that the technology can be remarkably human in its behavior. And the more groups of AI agents are given tasks that require cooperation and collaboration, the more those human-like dynamics emerge.

Our research suggests that, because of how directly they seem to apply to hybrid teams of human and digital workers, the most effective leaders in the coming years may still be those who excel at understanding the timeworn principles of human management.

We have spent years studying the risks and opportunities for organizations adopting AI. Our 2025 book, Rewiring Democracy, examines lessons from AI adoption in government institutions and civil society worldwide. In it, we identify where the technology has made the biggest impact and where it fails to make a difference. Today, we see many of the organizations we’ve studied taking another shot at AI adoption—this time, with agentic tools. While generative AI generates, agentic AI acts and achieves goals such as automating supply chain processes, making data-driven investment decisions or managing complex project workflows. The cutting edge of AI development research is starting to reveal what works best in this new paradigm.

Understanding Agentic AI

There are four key areas where AI should reliably boast superhuman performance: in speed, scale, scope and sophistication. Again and again, the most impactful AI applications leverage their capabilities in one or more of these areas. Think of content-moderation AI that can scan thousands of posts in an instant, legislative policy tools that can scale deliberations to millions of constituents, and protein-folding AI that can model molecular interactions with greater sophistication than any biophysicist.

Equally, AI applications that don’t leverage these core capabilities typically fail to impress. For example, Google’s AI Overviews irritate many of its users when the overviews obscure information that could be more efficiently consumed straight from the web results that the AI attempted to synthesize.

Agentic AI extends these core advantages of AI to new tasks and scenarios. The most familiar AI tools are chatbots, image generators and other models that take a single action: ask one question, get one answer. Agentic systems solve more complex problems by using many such AI models and giving each one the capability to use tools like retrieving information from databases and perform tasks like sending emails or executing financial transactions.

Because agentic systems are so new and their potential configurations so vast, we are still learning which business processes they will fit well with and which they will not. Gartner has estimated that 40 per cent of agentic AI projects will be cancelled within two years, largely because they are targeted where they can’t achieve meaningful business impact.

Understanding Agentic AI behavior

To understand the collective behaviors of agentic AI systems, we need to examine the individual AIs that comprise them. When AIs make mistakes or make things up, they can behave in ways that are truly bizarre. But when they work well, the reasons why are sometimes surprisingly relatable.

Tools like ChatGPT drew attention by sounding human. Moreover, individual AIs often behave like individual people, responding to incentives and organizing their own work in much the same ways that humans do. Recall the counterintuitive findings of many early users of ChatGPT and similar large language models (LLMs) in 2022: They seemed to perform better when offered a cash tip, told the answer was really important or were threatened with hypothetical punishments.

One of the most effective and enduring techniques discovered in those early days of LLM testing was ‘chain-of-thought prompting,’ which instructed AIs to think through and explain each step of their analysis—much like a teacher forcing a student to show their work. Individual AIs can also react to new information similar to individual people. Researchers have found that LLMs can be effective at simulating the opinions of individual people or demographic groups on diverse topics, including consumer preferences and politics.

As agentic AI develops, we are finding that groups of AIs also exhibit human-like behaviors collectively. A 2025 paper found that communities of thousands of AI agents set to chat with each other developed familiar human social behaviors like settling into echo chambers. Other researchers have observed the emergence of cooperative and competitive strategies and the development of distinct behavioral roles when setting groups of AIs to play a game together.

The fact that groups of agentic AIs are working more like human teams doesn’t necessarily indicate that machines have inherently human-like characteristics. It may be more nurture than nature: AIs are being designed with inspiration from humans. The breakthrough triumph of ChatGPT was widely attributed to using human feedback during training. Since then, AI developers have gotten better at aligning AI models to human expectations. It stands to reason, then, that we may find similarities between the management techniques that work for human workers and for agentic AI.

Lessons From the Frontier

So, how best to manage hybrid teams of humans and agentic AIs? Lessons can be gleaned from leading AI labs. In a recent research report, Anthropic shared the practical roadmap and published lessons learned while building its Claude Research feature, which uses teams of multiple AI agents to accomplish complex reasoning tasks. For example, using agents to search the web for information and calling external tools to access information from sources like emails and documents.

Advancements in agentic AI enabling new offerings like Claude Research and Amazon Q are causing a stir among AI practitioners because they reveal insights from the frontlines of AI research about how to make agentic AI and the hybrid organizations that leverage it more effective. What is striking about Anthropic’s report is how transparent it is about all the hard-won lessons learned in developing its offering—and the fact that many of these lessons sound a lot like what we find in classic management texts:

LESSON 1: DELEGATION MATTERS.

When Anthropic analyzed what factors lead to excellent performance by Claude Research, it turned out that the best agentic systems weren’t necessarily built on the best or most expensive AI models. Rather, like a good human manager, they need to excel at breaking down and distributing tasks to their digital workers.

Unlike human teams, agentic systems can enlist as many AI workers as needed, onboard them instantly and immediately set them to work. Organizations that can exploit this scalability property of AI will gain a key advantage, but the hard part is assigning each of them to contribute meaningful, complementary work to the overall project.

In classical management, this is called delegation. Any good manager knows that, even if they have the most experience and the strongest skills of anyone on their team, they can’t do it all alone. Delegation is necessary to harness the collective capacity of their team. It turns out this is crucial to AI, too.

The authors explain this result in terms of ‘parallelization’: Being able to separate the work into small chunks allows many AI agents to contribute work simultaneously, each focusing on one piece of the problem. The research report attributes 80 per cent of the performance differences between agentic AI systems to the total amount of computing resources they leverage.

Whether or not each individual agent is the smartest in the digital toolbox, the collective has more capacity for reasoning when there are many AI ‘hands’ working together. In addition to the quality of the output, teams working in parallel get work done faster. Anthropic says that reconfiguring its AI agents to work in parallel improved research speed by 90 per cent.

Anthropic’s report on how to orchestrate agentic systems effectively reads like a classical delegation training manual: Provide a clear objective, specify the output you expect and provide guidance on what tools to use, and set boundaries. When the objective and output format is not clear, workers may come back with irrelevant or irreconcilable information.

LESSON 2: ITERATION MATTERS.

Edison famously tested thousands of light bulb designs and filament materials before arriving at a workable solution. Likewise, successful agentic AI systems work far better when they are allowed to learn from their early attempts and then try again. Claude Research spawns a multitude of AI agents, each doubling and tripling back on their own work as they go through a trial-and-error process to land on the right results.

This is exactly how management researchers have recommended organizations staff novel projects where large teams are tasked with exploring unfamiliar terrain: Teams should split up and conduct trial-and-error learning, in parallel, like a pharmaceutical company progressing multiple molecules towards a potential clinical trial. Even when one candidate seems to have the strongest chances at the outset, there is no telling in advance which one will improve the most as it is iterated upon.

The advantage of using AI for this iterative process is speed: AI agents can complete and retry their tasks in milliseconds. A recent report from Microsoft Research illustrates this. Its agentic AI system launched up to five AI worker teams in a race to finish a task first, each plotting and pursuing its own iterative path to the destination. They found that a five-team system typically returned results about twice as fast as a single AI worker team with no loss in effectiveness, although at the cost of about twice as much total computing spend.

Going further, Claude Research’s system design endowed its top-level AI agent—the ‘Lead Researcher’—with the decision authority to delegate more research iterations if it was not satisfied with the results returned by its sub-agents. They managed the choice of whether or not they should continue their iterative search loop, to a limit. To the extent that agentic AI mirrors the world of human management, this might be one of the most important topics to watch going forward. Deciding when to stop and what is ‘good enough’ has always been one of the hardest problems organizations face.

LESSON 3: EFFECTIVE INFORMATION SHARING MATTERS.

If you work in a manufacturing department, you wouldn’t rely on your division chief to explain the specs you need to meet for a new product. You would go straight to the source: the domain experts in R&D. Successful organizations need to be able to share complex information efficiently both vertically and horizontally.

To solve the horizontal sharing problem for Claude Research, Anthropic innovated a novel mechanism for AI agents to share their outputs directly with each other by writing directly to a common file system, like a corporate intranet. In addition to saving on the cost of the central coordinator having to consume every sub-agent’s output, this approach helps resolve the information bottleneck. It enables AI agents that have become specialized in their tasks to own how their content is presented to the larger digital team. This is a smart way to leverage the superhuman scope of AI workers, enabling each of many AI agents to act as distinct subject matter experts.

In effect, Anthropic’s AI Lead Researchers must be generalist managers. Their job is to see the big picture and translate that into the guidance that sub-agents need to do their work. They don’t need to be experts on every task the sub-agents are performing. The parallel goes further: AIs working together also need to know the limits of information sharing, like what kinds of tasks don’t make sense to distribute horizontally.

Management scholars suggest that human organizations focus on automating the smallest tasks; the ones that are most repeatable and that can be executed the most independently. Tasks that require more interaction between people tend to go slower, since the communication not only adds overhead, but is something that many struggle to do effectively.

Anthropic found much the same was true of its AI agents: “Domains that require all agents to share the same context or involve many dependencies between agents are not a good fit for multi-agent systems today.” This is why the company focused its premier agentic AI feature on research, a process that can leverage a large number of sub-agents each performing repetitive, isolated searches before compiling and synthesizing the results.

All of these lessons lead to the conclusion that knowing your team and paying keen attention to how to get the best out of them will continue to be the most important skill of successful managers of both humans and AIs. With humans, we call this leadership skill empathy. That concept doesn’t apply to AIs, but the techniques of empathic managers do.

Anthropic got the most out of its AI agents by performing a thoughtful, systematic analysis of their performance and what supports they benefited from, and then used that insight to optimize how they execute as a team. Claude Research is designed to put different AI models in the positions where they are most likely to succeed. Anthropic’s most intelligent Opus model takes the Lead Researcher role, while their cheaper and faster Sonnet model fulfills the more numerous sub-agent roles. Anthropic has analyzed how to distribute responsibility and share information across its digital worker network. And it knows that the next generation of AI models might work in importantly different ways, so it has built performance measurement and management systems that help it tune its organizational architecture to adapt to the characteristics of its AI ‘workers.’

Key Takeaways

Managers of hybrid teams can apply these ideas to design their own complex systems of human and digital workers:

DELEGATE.

Analyze the tasks in your workflows so that you can design a division of labour that plays to the strength of each of your resources. Entrust your most experienced humans with the roles that require context and judgment and entrust AI models with the tasks that need to be done quickly or benefit from extreme parallelization.

If you’re building a hybrid customer service organization, let AIs handle tasks like eliciting pertinent information from customers and suggesting common solutions. But always escalate to human representatives to resolve unique situations and offer accommodations, especially when doing so can carry legal obligations and financial ramifications. To help them work together well, task the AI agents with preparing concise briefs compiling the case history and potential resolutions to help humans jump into the conversation.

ITERATE.

AIs will likely underperform your top human team members when it comes to solving novel problems in the fields in which they are expert. But AI agents’ speed and parallelization still make them valuable partners. Look for ways to augment human-led explorations of new territory with agentic AI scouting teams that can explore many paths for them in advance.

Hybrid software development teams will especially benefit from this strategy. Agentic coding AI systems are capable of building apps, autonomously making improvements to and bug-fixing their code to meet a spec. But without humans in the loop, they can fall into rabbit holes. Examples abound of AI-generated code that might appear to satisfy specified requirements, but diverges from products that meet organizational requirements for security, integration or user experiences that humans would truly desire. Take advantage of the fast iteration of AI programmers to test different solutions, but make sure your human team is checking its work and redirecting the AI when needed.

SHARE.

Make sure each of your hybrid team’s outputs are accessible to each other so that they can benefit from each others’ work products. Make sure workers doing hand-offs write down clear instructions with enough context that either a human colleague or AI model could follow. Anthropic found that AI teams benefited from clearly communicating their work to each other, and the same will be true of communication between humans and AI in hybrid teams.

MEASURE AND IMPROVE.

Organizations should always strive to grow the capabilities of their human team members over time. Assume that the capabilities and behaviors of your AI team members will change over time, too, but at a much faster rate. So will the ways the humans and AIs interact together. Make sure to understand how they are performing individually and together at the task level, and plan to experiment with the roles you ask AI workers to take on as the technology evolves.

An important example of this comes from medical imaging. Harvard Medical School researchers have found that hybrid AI-physician teams have wildly varying performance as diagnosticians. The problem wasn’t necessarily that the AI has poor or inconsistent performance; what mattered was the interaction between person and machine. Different doctors’ diagnostic performance benefited—or suffered—at different levels when they used AI tools. Being able to measure and optimize those interactions, perhaps at the individual level, will be critical to hybrid organizations.

In Closing

We are in a phase of AI technology where the best performance is going to come from mixed teams of humans and AIs working together. Managing those teams is not going to be the same as we’ve grown used to, but the hard-won lessons of decades past still have a lot to offer.

This essay was written with Nathan E. Sanders, and originally appeared in Rotman Management Magazine.

AMD’s EPYC Venice, Instinct MI455X, & Helios Hardware On Display for First Time at CES 2026

Post Syndicated from Ryan Smith original https://www.servethehome.com/amds-epyc-venice-instinct-mi455x-helios-hardware-on-display-for-first-time-at-ces-2026/

Alongside AMD’s numerous client-focused hardware announcements during their CES 2026 keynote, the company also devoted a bit of attention to their data center/server products. Though the company is essentially mid-cycle on its major data center products right now – and thus is not launching anything in the immediate timeframe – AMD still opted to use […]

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AMD Teases Ryzen AI Halo, a ROCm Ecosystem AI Development Mini-PC

Post Syndicated from Ryan Smith original https://www.servethehome.com/amd-teases-ryzen-ai-halo-a-rocm-ecosystem-ai-development-mini-pc/

Among a spate of AMD announcements during the company’s CES 2026 opening keynote, CEO Dr. Lisa Su briefly teased a forthcoming AMD-branded AI development box, dubbed the Ryzen AI Halo. Seemingly taking a page from similar AI development boxes that have popped up over the last year – both those built using AMD’s hardware and […]

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AMD Announces Zen 5-based Ryzen AI Embedded P100 Family of Chips

Post Syndicated from Ryan Smith original https://www.servethehome.com/amd-announces-zen-5-based-ryzen-ai-embedded-p100-family-of-chips/

Alongside AMD’s slew of consumer-related product announcements with desktop and mobile Ryzen processors, the company also took a moment of its time during its CES 2026 presentation to address the embedded market. The tangentially-related cousin to the consumer market, AMD’s embedded lineup of processors are aimed at the automotive and industrial markets, as well as […]

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AMD Reveals New Ryzen AI 400 Series, Ryzen AI Max+, and Ryzen 7 9850X3D Chips At CES 2026

Post Syndicated from Ryan Smith original https://www.servethehome.com/amd-reveals-new-ryzen-ai-400-series-ryzen-ai-max-and-ryzen-7-9850x3d-chips-at-ces-2026/

Kicking off AMD’s slate of consumer announcements for this year’s CES trade show, the company brought to the shows several new chip SKUs for the consumer market. Altogether the company is launching two new Ryzen AI Max+ processors for AI developers, a new desktop Ryzen 9000X3D chip for gamers, and for the mobile market a […]

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